Centre for Internet & Society

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The Centre for Internet and Society’s comments and feedback to the: Digital Personal Data Protection Rules 2025 — by Pallavi Bedi, Vipul Kharbanda, Shweta Mohandas, Anubha Sinha and Isha Suri — last modified Mar 06, 2025 02:06 AM
The Centre for Internet & Society (CIS) submitted its comments and feedback to the Digital Personal Data Protection Rules 2025 initiated by the Indian government.
The Centre for Internet and Society’s comments and recommendations to the: Report on AI Governance Guidelines Development — by Shweta Mohandas, Amrita Sengupta and Anubha Sinha — last modified Mar 06, 2025 06:32 AM
The Centre for Internet & Society (CIS) submitted its comments and recommendations on the Report on AI Governance Guidelines Development.
She Leads Bootcamp 2025 — by Soni Wadhwa — last modified Feb 19, 2025 02:30 PM
CIS-A2K is committed to bridging the gender gap within Indian Wikimedia communities, and to further this goal, last year we launched the impactful She Leads program. This initiative is designed to empower female Wikimedians to take on leadership roles within their language communities, promoting diversity and inclusivity.
Submission to IGF 2025 Call for Thematic Inputs — by Amrita Sengupta, Yesha Tshering Paul, and Pallavi Bedi — last modified Mar 06, 2025 06:36 AM
Below are CIS's inputs submitted in response to the IGF 2025 Call for Thematic Inputs. They will inform the MAG’s discussions and assist them in determining the thematic priorities of the IGF 2025 programme.
Do We Need a Separate Health Data Law in India? — by Pallavi Bedi and Shweta Mohandas — last modified Feb 07, 2025 02:13 PM
This report discusses the current definitions of health data including international efforts, the report then proceeds to share some key themes that were discussed at three roundtables we conducted in May, August, and October 2024. Participants included experts from diverse stakeholder groups, including civil society organisations, lawyers, medical professionals, and academicians. In this report, we collate the various responses to two main aspects, which were the focus of the roundtables:
Bahujan Digital Publishing Infrastructures — by Yatharth — last modified Jan 20, 2025 10:48 AM
In this study, we look at alternative Bahujan digital publishing as sites where Bahujans can claim media representation and how a vision of an anti-caste internet is emerging through these publishing practices.
Privacy Policy Framework for Indian Mental Health Apps — by Chakshu Sang and Shweta Mohandas — last modified Jan 10, 2025 12:11 AM
This report analyses the privacy policies of mental health apps in India and provides recommendations for making the policies not only legally compliant but also user-centric
CIS Research Digest - 2024 — by CIS — last modified Feb 06, 2025 08:06 AM
Read ahead for a summary of the in-depth research and analysis published by CIS in 2024.
Explainer | Predatory Pricing — by Abhineet Nayyar, and Isha Suri — last modified Dec 23, 2024 11:07 AM
Who doesn't love discounts? After all, that is what got so many of us on the internet for the first time. And yet, earlier this year, the Ministry of Corporate Affairs, in its draft Digital Competition Bill, mentioned 'Pricing/Deep Discounting' as one of the Anti-Competitive Practices, or ACPs, that the draft Bill relies on. Does this mean that discounting or pricing can be anti-competitive? If so, how do we identify this form of predatory pricing?
Technology-facilitated Gender-based Violence and Women’s Political Participation in India: A Position Paper — by Yesha Tshering Paul, Amrita Sengupta — last modified Dec 18, 2024 07:12 PM
AI for Healthcare: Understanding Data Supply Chain and Auditability in India — by Amrita Sengupta (PI), Shweta Mohandas (Co-PI), (In alphabetical order) Abhineet Nayyar, Chetna VM, Puthiya Purayil Sneha, Yatharth — last modified Nov 30, 2024 08:17 AM
This report aims to understand the prevalence and use of AI auditing practices in the healthcare sector. By mapping the data supply chain underlying AI technologies, the study aims to unpack i) how AI systems are developed and deployed to achieve healthcare outcomes and, ii) how AI audits are perceived and implemented by key stakeholders in the healthcare ecosystem.
Digital Rights and ISP Accountability in India: An Analysis of Policies and Practices — by Anubha Sinha, Yesha Tshering Paul, and Sherina Poyyail — last modified Jan 23, 2025 10:04 AM
This report presents a comprehensive evaluation of India's four largest Internet Service Providers (ISPs)—Reliance Jio, Bharti Airtel, Vodafone-Idea (Vi), and BSNL—examining their commitment to digital rights and transparency.
Explainer | Tying and Bundling — by Abhineet Nayyar and Isha Suri — last modified Dec 23, 2024 11:05 AM
Earlier this year, the Ministry of Corporate Affairs released the draft Digital Competition Bill for public comment. Although much has been written about the ex-ante process it proposes, there is little discussion of the nine Anti-Competitive Practices, or ACPs, that the draft Bill builds on. Even when it exists, this discussion is often accompanied by heavy jargon, thereby limiting its accessibility for small businesses, workers, and consumers who are most affected by these ACPs.
Platforming precarity: Data narratives of workers sustaining urban platform services — by Aayush Rathi, Abhishek Sekharan, Ambika Tandon, Chetna V. M., Chiara Furtado, Nishkala Sekhar, and Sriharsha Devulapalli — last modified Oct 15, 2024 02:42 AM
CIS conducted quantitative surveys with over 800 workers employed in the app-based taxi and delivery sectors across 4 cities in India as part of the ‘Labour Futures’ project supported by the Internet Society Foundation. The surveys covered key employment indicators, including earnings and working hours, work-related cost burdens, income and social security, and platform policies and management. Findings from these surveys are presented as data visualisation briefs centring workers’ everyday experiences. These data briefs form a foundational evidence base for policy and action around labour rights, social protection, and urban inclusion in platform work.
Envisioning the Role of Open Knowledge in the Implementation of the National Education Policy 2020 — by Ashwini Lele — last modified Aug 27, 2024 02:53 PM
The National Education Policy 2020 brings a significant change in India's educational landscape, representing a comprehensive overhaul to address the evolving developmental imperatives of the country.
Online Censorship: Perspectives From Content Creators and Comparative Law on Section 69A of the Information Technology Act — by Divyansha Sehgal, Gurshabad Grover — last modified Aug 26, 2024 07:05 AM
This study presents a comparative analysis of Indian censorship law and experiences of people who have had their online content censored.
Gig and platform workers’ perspectives on worker collectives — by Shaik Salauddin — last modified Aug 13, 2024 02:50 AM
This report highlights findings from a survey conducted by the Telangana Gig and Platform Workers’ Union on platform workers’ perspectives around various worker collectives, particularly platform worker unions and cooperative societies. The survey was conducted with workers working for app-based platform companies like Ola, Uber, InDriver, Swiggy, Zomato, and Flipkart.
Future of the Commons: A Conversation on Artificial Intelligence, Indian Languages, and Archives Conference Report — by Soni Wadhwa, Puthiya Purayil Sneha, Garima Agrawal and Nishant Shankar — last modified Aug 06, 2024 03:24 AM
We are pleased to share our report on the ‘Future of the Commons: A Conversation on Artificial Intelligence, Indian Languages, and Archives’ conference, held in July 2024 at the Maharashtra Knowledge Corporation Limited (MKCL) in Pune.
Combinations and Competition: Why the draft DCB must account for digital mergers and acquisitions — by Abhineet Nayyar and Isha Suri — last modified Aug 08, 2024 07:47 AM
Mergers and Acquisitions (collectively, M&As or Combinations) have been a common practice in industry consolidation for many years now. In fact, as Zuckerberg’s infamous quote suggests, it might be one of the central pillars of today’s internet economy.
Karnataka’s uniform fare policy—Do attempts at parity consider the impact on workers? — by Chiara Furtado and Nishkala Sekhar — last modified Jul 08, 2024 03:53 AM
Chiara Furtado and Nishkala Sekhar write in The News Minute about the Karnataka transport department’s February 2024 fare policy aiming for parity between aggregator (app-based) and other taxis. While policy interventions towards parity is a welcome step, the article highlights how inequalities and systemic barriers to parity remain for workers.
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We invite researchers, practitioners, artists, and theoreticians, both organisationally and as individuals, to engage with us on topics related internet and society, and improve our collective understanding of this field. To discuss such possibilities, please write to us at communications[at]cis-india[dot]org with an indication of the form and the content of the collaboration you might be interested in.

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About Us

The Centre for Internet and Society (CIS) is a non-profit organisation that undertakes interdisciplinary research on internet and digital technologies from policy and academic perspectives. The areas of focus include digital accessibility for persons with disabilities, access to knowledge, intellectual property rights, openness (including open data, free and open source software, open standards, open access, open educational resources, and open video), internet governance, telecommunication reform, digital privacy, and cyber-security. The research at CIS seeks to understand the reconfiguration of social processes and structures through the internet and digital media technologies, and vice versa.

Through its diverse initiatives, CIS explores, intervenes in, and advances contemporary discourse and regulatory practices around internet, technology, and society in India, and elsewhere.

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Unless otherwise specified, content licensed under Creative Commons — Attribution 3.0 Unported.