Centre for Internet and Society

Wikipedia edit-a-thon in mind? Kindly start here

tito — 2018-05-11T08:15:56Z

Are you thinking to conduct a Wikipedia edit-a-thon? You may use this document as an initial guide. Please note: this article is written keeping specially organisations, institutions, and individuals in mind, who are new to Wikipedia world. We are starting this post with some basic questions. Please feel free to ask questions by mailing tito "at" cis-india.org

Are you thinking to conduct a Wikipedia edit-a-thon? That's great. In this article I'll explain a few thinks, which might help to plan your ediit-a-thon your better?

First thing first, a few questions:

Do you want to contribute to Wikipedia or other projects? Other than Wikipedia, there are a few other interesting projects such as Wikisource, Wikidata, Wiktionary, Wikimedia Commons.
Do you want to contribute to other language Wikipedias/projects such as Tamil Wikipedia, Kannada Wikipedia, Telugu Wikisource, Bengali Wikisource etc., other than the same old English Wikipedia?

If you are planning to do an English Wikipedia edit-a-thon, it is comparatively more difficult, and needs much more preparation. I'll explain some of these things below.

Now let's talk about edit-a-thon structure:

Do you want to do it an offline edit-a-thon? Or is it going to be an online edit-a-thon?
What is the duration?
How many people are going to participate? Are they already Wikipedians or new to Wikipedia?

Help pages: Getting started with Wikipedia

Let's start by gathering a few help pages' link which will help to get started with Wikipedia:

Introduction to Wikipedia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Introduction
CheatSheet: learn how to write using Wikicode https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Cheatsheet

Policies and guidelines

It is really important to know about a few policies before you start editing Wikipedia. Please explain these policies and guidelines to edit-a-thon participants as well.

Notability: we have "notability" policy. What are the topics we can write about? Please read here: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Notability Now, these are "General Notability Guidelines or in short we call it GNG (please read the "General notability guideline" in the page). Now, we have detailed explanation pages on different notability topics: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Notability_guide, please read the pages you need such as https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Notability_(people). Now in every guideline page you'll get something called "basic criteria", and/or "additional criteria". These are the guidelines you need to pass. A good argument goes like this: "The article meets Wikipedia notability because it meets "this", "this", "this", and "this" (or #1, #3, #4, and #5) of the mentioned notability guideline.
Verifiability: The next important policy is Verifiability. Please read https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability. Please also read, what are reliable references or how to identify reliable sources: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipediaa:Identifying_reliable_sources. There is a fine list of references such as forum posts, personal blogs, eCommerce websites, press releases, user-generated content etc. etc. we should not use as references on Wikipedia.
Neutral point of view: Neutral point of view is absolutely important. Please read: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Neutral_point_of_view

Frequently asked questions

Question: I do not have references, can I create pages or add information?

Answer: No, references are important. Specially, on English Wikipedia, where content are reviewed more, reliable secondary references are absolutely needed.

Question: But, I am writing the "truth".

Answer: Wikipedia works with :verifiability, and not truth. Please read: Verifiability, not truth

Question: I can not provide the things you are asking, but I am working for a cause. Can't you help?

Answer: That's a good question. A2K cares about bridging gender gap, knowledge revolution, and diversity. However, please note, it is a standard practice Wikipedia is not a soapbox or means of promotion, and Wikipedia is also not a place to do advocacy, propaganda, or recruitment of any kind. If you really want to advocated about your cause, why not try your own website, blog, or some forums?

For more details visit https://cis-india.org/a2k/blogs/wikipedia-edit-a-thon-in-mind-kindly-start-here

April 2018 Newsletter

praskrishna — 2018-05-20T14:57:47Z

Dear readers,

Previous issues of the newsletters can be accessed here.

Highlights
In 2016, WhatsApp Inc announced it was rolling out end-to-end encryption, but is the company doing what it claims to be doing? Sunil Abraham and Aayush Rathi explores this in an article which was published in Asia Times on April 20, 2018. CIS submitted comments to the Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, Government of India on the draft Digital Information Security in Healthcare Act on April 21, 2018. CIS had conducted research on the issues of privacy, data protection and data security since 2010 and is thankful for the opportunity to put forth its views. A blog post by Swaraj Paul Barooah examines two badly drafted provisions of the new Anti-Trafficking bill that have the potential to severely impinge upon the Freedom of Expression, including through a misunderstanding of intermediary liability. A chapter by P.P. Sneha was published in 'Making Things and Drawing Boundaries: Experiments in the Digital Humanities' edited by Jentery Sayers. The chapter throws light on some of the questions that arise around the processes by which digital objects are ‘made’ and made available for arts and humanities research and practice, by drawing on recent work in text and film archival initiatives in India. CIS made a submission to the Indian Patent Office on the issue of Statement of Working as per Form 27 under the Patents Act, 1970. Select stakeholders were invited to the consultation meeting held on April 6, 2018. Anubha Sinha attended it along with a few other public-spirited stakeholders. She made a statement stressing on the requirement of the patent system to serve the welfare-purpose and not create mere non-working/ blocking monopolies; and that the argument of representatives of patentees about non-working of patents being the existing norm, and that they cannot be questioned about this, is absolutely against the central tenets of patent law.

Highlights

In 2016, WhatsApp Inc announced it was rolling out end-to-end encryption, but is the company doing what it claims to be doing? Sunil Abraham and Aayush Rathi explores this in an article which was published in Asia Times on April 20, 2018.
CIS submitted comments to the Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, Government of India on the draft Digital Information Security in Healthcare Act on April 21, 2018. CIS had conducted research on the issues of privacy, data protection and data security since 2010 and is thankful for the opportunity to put forth its views.

A blog post by Swaraj Paul Barooah examines two badly drafted provisions of the new Anti-Trafficking bill that have the potential to severely impinge upon the Freedom of Expression, including through a misunderstanding of intermediary liability.

A chapter by P.P. Sneha was published in 'Making Things and Drawing Boundaries: Experiments in the Digital Humanities' edited by Jentery Sayers. The chapter throws light on some of the questions that arise around the processes by which digital objects are ‘made’ and made available for arts and humanities research and practice, by drawing on recent work in text and film archival initiatives in India.
CIS made a submission to the Indian Patent Office on the issue of Statement of Working as per Form 27 under the Patents Act, 1970. Select stakeholders were invited to the consultation meeting held on April 6, 2018. Anubha Sinha attended it along with a few other public-spirited stakeholders. She made a statement stressing on the requirement of the patent system to serve the welfare-purpose and not create mere non-working/ blocking monopolies; and that the argument of representatives of patentees about non-working of patents being the existing norm, and that they cannot be questioned about this, is absolutely against the central tenets of patent law.

Articles:

Digital Native: Delete Facebook? (Nishant Shah; Indian Express; April 8, 2018).

Digital Native: The e-wasteland of our times (Nishant Shah; Indian Express; April 22, 2018).
What’s up with WhatsApp? (Aayush Rathi and Sunil Abraham; Asia Times; April 23, 2018).

CIS in the News:

Cambridge Analytica row: Facebook data breach hit 560K Indian users (Vidhi Choudhury and Yashwant Raj; Hindustan Times; April 5, 2018).
Govt websites face major outage; hacking ruled out (Hindu Businessline; April 6, 2018).
After data leak row, Facebook imposes restrictions on user data access (Romita Majumdar and Kiran Rathee; Business Standard; April 6, 2018).
It Took Just 355 Indians to Mine the Data of 5.6 Lakh Facebook Users. Here's How (CNN-News 18; April 7, 2018).
It feeds on you! (Anita Babu; The Week; April 8, 2018).
Pension won’t be denied for want of Aadhaar, says EPFO (Prashant K. Nanda and Komal Gupta; Livemint; April 11, 2018).
Facebook’s fake news clean-up hits language barrier (Nilesh Christopher; Economic Times; April 13, 2018).
Is This The Beginning Of The End For Facebook? (Bloomberg Quint; April 15, 2018).
Metrolife: Brutality porn has sadly many takers in India (Nina C. George; Deccan Herald; April 18, 2018).
Aadhaar data of over 89 lakh MNREGA workers in Andhra Pradesh leaked online (New Indian Express; April 27, 2018).
You Are Not the Only One: India stares at a loneliness epidemic (Asad Ali and Tabassum Barnagarwala; Indian Express; April 29, 2018).
Now, Twitter too caught up in Cambridge Analytica controversy (Prasun Sonwalkar and Vidhi Choudhury; Hindustan Times; April 30, 2018).

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Access to Knowledge
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Our Access to Knowledge programme currently consists of two projects. The Pervasive Technologies project, conducted under a grant from the International Development Research Centre (IDRC), aims to conduct research on the complex interplay between low-cost pervasive technologies and intellectual property, in order to encourage the proliferation and development of such technologies as a social good. The Wikipedia project, which is under a grant from the Wikimedia Foundation, is for the growth of Indic language communities and projects by designing community collaborations and partnerships that recruit and cultivate new editors and explore innovative approaches to building projects.

►Copyright and Patent

Submission

CIS' Submission on Statement of Working of Patents (Anubha Sinha; April 10, 2018).

►Wikipedia

Event Organized

Sambad Health and Women Edit-a-thon (April 15, 2018).

Blog Entries

Telugu Wikisource Feature Book in Pustakam.net (Pavan Santhosh; April 17, 2018).
Institutional Partnership with Tribal Research & Training Institute (Subodh Kulkarni; April 18, 2018).
Exploring Wikimedia platforms in Dialogue on the Urban Rivers of Maharashtra (Subodh Kulkarni; April 22, 2018).

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Internet Governance
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As part of its research on privacy and free speech, CIS is engaged with two different projects. The first one (under a grant from Privacy International and IDRC) is on surveillance and freedom of expression (SAFEGUARDS). The second one (under a grant from MacArthur Foundation) is on restrictions that the Indian government has placed on freedom of expression online.

►Privacy

Submission

Comments on the Draft Digital Information Security in Healthcare Act (Amber Sinha and Shweta Mohandas; April 22, 2018).

Analysis

Revenge Porn Laws across the World (Shradha Nigam; April 25, 2018).

Blog Entries

Government gives free publicity worth 40k to Twitter and Facebook (Akriti Bopanna; April 10, 2018).

Artificial Intelligence in Governance: A Report of the Roundtable held in New Delhi (Saman Goudarzi and Natallia Khaniejo; April 19, 2018).

►Free Speech and Expression

Blog Entries

A look at two problematic provisions of the draft Anti-trafficking bill (Swaraj Paul Barooah; April 21, 2018).

DIDP Request #29 - Revenue breakdown by source for FY 2017 (Akriti Bopanna; April 26, 2018).

►Cyber Security

Event Organized

Workshop on Python (April 14, 2018; CIS, Bengaluru).

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Researchers at Work
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The Researchers at Work (RAW) programme is an interdisciplinary research initiative driven by an emerging need to understand the reconfigurations of social practices and structures through the Internet and digital media technologies, and vice versa. It aims to produce local and contextual accounts of interactions, negotiations, and resolutions between the Internet, and socio-material and geo-political processes:

Article

Making Humanities in the Digital: Embodiment and Framing in Bichitra and Indiancine.ma (P.P. Sneha; Making Things and Drawing Boundaries: Experiments in the Digital Humanities (2017), edited by Jentery Sayers, University of Minnesota Press, Minneapolis, London April 1, 2018).

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About CIS
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The Centre for Internet and Society (CIS) is a non-profit organisation that undertakes interdisciplinary research on internet and digital technologies from policy and academic perspectives. The areas of focus include digital accessibility for persons with disabilities, access to knowledge, intellectual property rights, openness (including open data, free and open source software, open standards, open access, open educational resources, and open video), internet governance, telecommunication reform, digital privacy, and cyber-security. The academic research at CIS seeks to understand the reconfigurations of social and cultural processes and structures as mediated through the internet and digital media technologies.

► Follow us elsewhere

Twitter: http://twitter.com/cis_india
Twitter - Access to Knowledge: https://twitter.com/CISA2K
Twitter - Information Policy: https://twitter.com/CIS_InfoPolicy
Facebook - Access to Knowledge: https://www.facebook.com/cisa2k
E-Mail - Access to Knowledge: a2k@cis-india.org
E-Mail - Researchers at Work: raw@cis-india.org
List - Researchers at Work: https://lists.ghserv.net/mailman/listinfo/researchers

► Support Us

Please help us defend consumer and citizen rights on the Internet! Write a cheque in favour of 'The Centre for Internet and Society' and mail it to us at No. 194, 2nd 'C' Cross, Domlur, 2nd Stage, Bengaluru - 5600 71.

► Request for Collaboration

We invite researchers, practitioners, artists, and theoreticians, both organisationally and as individuals, to engage with us on topics related internet and society, and improve our collective understanding of this field. To discuss such possibilities, please write to Sunil Abraham, Executive Director, at sunil@cis-india.org (for policy research), or Sumandro Chattapadhyay, Research Director, at sumandro@cis-india.org (for academic research), with an indication of the form and the content of the collaboration you might be interested in. To discuss collaborations on Indic language Wikipedia projects, write to Tanveer Hasan, Programme Officer, at tanveer@cis-india.org.

CIS is grateful to its primary donor the Kusuma Trust founded by Anurag Dikshit and Soma Pujari, philanthropists of Indian origin for its core funding and support for most of its projects. CIS is also grateful to its other donors, Wikimedia Foundation, Ford Foundation, Privacy International, UK, Hans Foundation, MacArthur Foundation, and IDRC for funding its various projects.

For more details visit https://cis-india.org/about/newsletters/april-2018-newsletter

Exploring Wikimedia platforms in Dialogue on the Urban Rivers of Maharashtra

subodh — 2018-05-07T16:25:11Z

INTACH (Indian National Trust for Art and Cultural Heritage) and SANDRP (South Asian Network of Dams, Rivers and People) organized “A Dialogue on the Urban Rivers of Maharashtra” on 20-21 April 2018 from 9:00am-5:30pm at Yashada, Pune.

In the last year, we have developed good rapport with organisations and citizen science groups working on water related issues. Thematic workshops and awareness sessions were conducted with some of them. We have started discussing about 'Wiki Meets/Takes River' Campaign with these networks. INTACH and SANDRP are two potential groups which work on rivers across India with commitment. We have opportunity to collaborate in other states also.

We gave inputs on 'Exploring Wikimedia platforms for spreading knowledge about Water, Dams & Rivers'.

Outcome

The river dialogue was very meaningful and action oriented. Last month, we were able to launch process to build knowledge repository called - Van Bodh - related to biodiversity, forest and tribals with Tribal Research & Training Institute & other thematic groups. Through this dialogue, various thematic groups & Govt organisations formed consensus on evolving - Jal Bodh - a knowledge repository on Water related issues. Prof Madhav Gadgil and myself prepared a concept note for further discussions and process development. Yashada will be nodal agency to execute the project.

For more details visit https://cis-india.org/a2k/blogs/exploring-wikimedia-platforms-in-dialogue-on-the-urban-rivers-of-maharashtra

Institutional Partnership with Tribal Research & Training Institute

subodh — 2018-05-07T16:29:02Z

CIS-A2K has been building partnerships with major state government departments in Maharashtra to promote free & open knowledge resources. One such effort resulted into official Govt.Resolution of Tribal Research & Training Institute under State Tribal Development department on Expert's Study Group Formation for developing Open Knowledge Platforms.

Community Advocate for Marathi Language is representing CIS-A2K in this group. The mandate of the group is given in GR. We will be facilitating primarily No.1 & 2, which says - Developing new and utilising existing Open & free platforms like Wikimedia Projects to build knowledge resources on Community Forest Management, Development of training modules in Unicode & make it accessible by common man, Digitisation of reference books, training booklets, govt docs, archives,images etc and making it accessible.

Plan

The Tribal Research & Training Institute(TRTI), Pune was established on 1st May, 1962.The Institute undertakes research studies on various aspects of tribals. It has Tribal Cultural Museum located in its premises. All facets of life of tribals of Maharashtra are displayed in the Museum.The Institute has got a rich Library which serves as reference library on tribals. This is a very good opportunity to explore various aspects of open knowledge with research organisation like TRTI.

After extensive discussions, the project proposal on Van Bodh (a free & open knowledge repository on Biodiversity, Forest Management for Tribal communities) is prepared. The implementing agency is Vrikshamitra under leadership of Prof. Madhav Gadgil. Three other organisations - Mumbai University's Economics department, Vigyan Ashram, Dataspect, Datameet are other partners in this project. The content generation on free & open source platforms & Wikimedia Projects would be facilitated by A2K.

Impact

Many tribal communities have started managing their Community forests vested under Forest Rights Act 2006. All the information pertaining to this field is not easily available in local language. The online content is also not available. Under this project, the knowledge resource would be created in collaboration with grass-root communities in tribal areas. The youth will be trained in unicode, open source applications and content generation in Wikimedia projects. The knowledge resource thus created would be accessed by people in 2500 villages active in community forest management.

For more details visit https://cis-india.org/a2k/blogs/institutional-partnership-with-tribal-research-training-institute

Wikipedia Will Reward You For Translating English Articles To Indian Languages

Admin — 2018-04-17T15:48:16Z

India has seen a substantial growth in the number of internet users since the introduction of attractive prices by Jio. Internet adoption is seen as the key to bridging the divide between urban and rural populations and an important means of increasing literacy, especially in the backward parts of the country.

Wikipedia, one of the leading sourcing of learning and information online, has visualized the opportunity and sought volunteers for translating the content of Wikipedia articles into local languages. This is part of Project Tiger, a joint initiative started by Wikipedia Foundation, Google, Centre for Internet and Society, and Wikipedia’s Indian chapter. The initiative also promises grants such as laptops and fees for internet usage to the editors.

The free encyclopedia currently supports 23 Indian languages yet it faces a dearth of editors who can convert articles into languages that would attract more readership from the growing Indian online.

Besides the material incentives, Wikipedia’s Indian chapter had also announced several contests for various regional languages to attract more contributors and editors. As part of these, participants must contribute by creating new entries, or expanding on existing articles in regional languages with a minimum word count of 300.

The winners of the contest will be announced after the conclusion of the content on May 31, 2018, and granted access to various skill development courses that will help them develop a better sense of online editing.

The contests are now live for Marathi, Tamil, Kannada, Bengali, Telugu, Punjabi, Hindi, Odia, Malayalam, and Gujarati. As a result, Wikipedia has gained nearly 72,000 fresh views on articles in regional languages within a single month.

Google will provides insights about which topics are most popular among the Indian users and should be prioritized in the translation process. Another facet of Google’s participation in the initiative is that it plans to use Wikipedia articles to bust conspiracy theories on YouTube by supporting videos with relevant articles. Having Wikipedia articles in regional Indian languages will ensure that users in the country are not misguided by inaccurate or deceiving videos.

For more details visit https://cis-india.org/a2k/news/beebom-tushar-mehta-wikipedia-indian-languages-translation-contest

In a first, Indian Singers Rights' Association distributes royalty

praskrishna — 2018-04-17T14:21:27Z

While singers say this benefits out of job artistes, the transparency in distribution remains questionable.

This info was published by the News Minute on April 14, 2018.

In a first, the Indian Singers Rights’ Association (ISRA) distributed Rs 51 lakh in royalties to singers on Friday. The beneficiaries included popular playback singers KS Chitra, P Susheela, KJ Yesudas, SP Balasubrahmanyam and Srinivas.

Speaking to The Hindu, ISRA CEO Sanjay Tandon said, “This ₹51 lakh royalty money will grow 10 fold if and when radio channels, television channels and mobile companies start paying us. Right now, only IPL teams, amusement parks and few other establishments have paid the royalty money.”

Speaking to media persons at the event, singer SP Balasubrahmanyam said, "The government has given a rule saying that royalty should reach the singers as well. This programme is organised to give a part of the shares to singers in South India. This is a good thing to be welcomed.”

In March last year, SPB and others were slapped with legal notices by renowned music director Ilaiyaraaja over performing his compositions without his explicit permission and a payment of royalty to him. While this took the singers by surprise, experts had clarified that Ilaiyaraaja was right in asking for royalty as long as he owned the copyright to the music.

Speaking to Puthiya Thalaimurai channel, singer Chitra said, "Everyone knows a singer doesn't have pension or anything. After they sing, if the song is a hit, they will get a few shows here and there. We know a lot of people who are struggling to live. This will definitely help them, especially when they are aged and cannot go to work. This royalty will really be useful. We welcome this."

Singer Srinivas added, "This is not the case where you give money to someone who already has money. This is for a singer who has disappeared after singing 4- 5 songs. He's probably struggling in a village. When the money reaches him, it is a big thing. If we meet that social responsibility, it would be a success."

However, if royalty would go to singers of all ranks remains unclear.

In a transparency review conducted by the Centre for Internet and Society, Bengaluru, that compares the publicly available information on the websites of music collective management organisations(CMOs), ISRA did not detail the “distribution of percentages, nor the administrative cut it seeks to take” as per the Copyright Amendment Act 2012.

For more details visit https://cis-india.org/a2k/news/the-news-minute-april-14-2018-first-indian-singers-rights-association-distributes-royalty

Article on Telugu Wikisource Feature Book in Pustakam.net

pavan — 2018-04-17T14:08:28Z

An article about Telugu Wikisource feature book - Andhrula Sanghika Charitra (ఆంధ్రుల సాంఘిక చరిత్ర) by Pavan Santhosh got published in Pustakam.net.

Pustakam.net is a web magazine dedicated to commentaries -primarily in Telugu and occasionally in English- on world literature, by book lovers. This attempt is aimed to make Telugu Wikisource community's efforts to provide free and quality books noticed among book lovers and also help Telugu Wikisource contributors to figure out ways to get such articles published in online and print platforms.

Originally published article can be accessed here.

తెలుగువారి వెయ్యేళ్ళ జీవన చిత్రం – ఆంధ్రుల సాంఘిక చరిత్ర (వికీసోర్సు ప్రదర్శిత గ్రంథాలు)

“ఆ (విజయనగర) కాలమందు స్త్రీలుకూడా మంచి జెట్టీలుగా సిద్దమై కుస్తీలు జేసిరి. క్రీ.శ. 1446 నాటి యొక శాసనములో హరియక్క అను నామె తన తండ్రిని కుస్తీలో చంపిన జెట్టీలతో కుస్తీచేసి వారిని చంపి పగదీర్చుకొనెను.” (విజయనగర సామ్రాజ్య కాలము)
*****

“మన దేశములో పొగాకును ప్రవేశ పెట్టి దేశమును నాశనం చేసిన మహనీయులు పోర్చుగీసువారు. అది క్రీ.శ. 1600-1650 ప్రాంతములో ప్రవేశ పెట్టబడెను.” (క్రీ.శ. 1600 నుండి 1757 వరకు)
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“మన పూర్వులకున్న కళాదృష్టి మనలో కానరాదు. చిలుకనో పువ్వునో చెక్కని చెంబు బోడిచెంబే! అంచులేని యుడుపుల ధరించుట అమంగళమని తలంచిరి. ఇండ్ల గోడలపై చిత్తరువులు వ్రాయిస్తూవుండిరి. ద్వారముల చౌకట్లపై చక్కని జంత్రపుపని యుండెడిది. బట్టలపై అద్దకముతో బొమ్మలను వేయుచుండిరి. ధనికులు పటములను వ్రాయించెడివారు. కాకతీయుల కాలములో చిత్తరువులు జనసామాన్యమందును ఆదరణీయముగా నుండినట్లు కానవచ్చును. ఇండ్లముంగిళ్ళలో మ్రుగ్గులతో చాల చక్కని చిత్రములను పడుచులు తీర్చు చుండెడివారు….
ఏవిధమగు చిత్తరువులు వ్రాయుచుండిరో అవియు తెలియవచ్చినవి. దారుకావనములోని శివుడు, గోపికాకృష్ణులు, అహల్యా సంక్రందనులు, తారా చంద్రులు, మేనకా విశ్వామిత్రులు మొదలైనవి వ్రాయిస్తూ వుండిరి. చిత్తరువులను ‘మయ్యెర’తో వ్రాసిరి. (మయ్యెర అను వెంట్రుకలతో చేసిన బ్రష్షు అయి యుండును – మైర్ అన అరవములో వెంట్రుక అని యర్థము). ఓరుగల్లున ‘చిత్తరువులు వ్రాసే యిండ్లు 1500’ అని ఏకామ్రనాథుడు వ్రాసెను. భోగమువారు తమకు తగిన పటాలను వ్రాయించుకొనిన ఇతరులును వ్రాయించుకొన్న వారు కారు. ప్రజలు తమతమ అభిలాషల కొలది వ్రాయించుకొను చుండిరి. వీర పూజ కోరువారు వీరుల చిత్రాలు వ్రాయించిరి.” (కాకతీయ యుగము)
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“పల్లవులు, కాకతీయులు దేశమందలి అడవులను కొట్టించి, గ్రామాలను ప్రతిష్ఠించి, వ్యవసాయకులకు భూము లిచ్చియుండిరి. దీనినిబట్టి క్రీస్తుశకము 1000 కి పూర్వము కర్నూలు, బళ్ళారి మున్నగు మండలాలు అరణ్యప్రాంతాలుగా నుండెనని తెలియును. ప్రతాపరుద్రుడు స్వయముగా కర్నూలు సీమకు వెళ్ళి అడవుల గొట్టించి ఇప్పటికి కర్నూలు పట్టణమునకు 10, 15 మైళ్ళ ఆవరణములోని పల్లెల పెక్కింటిని నిర్మాణము చేసినట్లు ఆకాలపు శాసనాదుల వలన తెలియవచ్చెడివి. తెలంగాణములో నూరేండ్ల క్రిందటకూడ అడవులనుకొట్టి రైతుల ప్రతిష్ఠించుతూ వచ్చిరనిన ఆకాలపుమాట చెప్పనవసరము లేదు.”
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“బెజవాడ కనకదుర్గమ్మను గురించి నేలటూరి వేంకటరమణయ్యగారిట్లు (S-I-Temple లో) వ్రాసెను. “ఒకగ్రామమం దేడ్గురు విప్రసోదరులుండిరి. వారికి కనకమ్మయను చెల్లె లుండెను. ఆమె శీలమును వారు సందేహింపగా నామె బావిలోపడి చనిపోయి జనుల బాధించు శక్తికాగా, జనులామెకు గుడికట్టి పూజింప దొడగిరి”. నెల్లూరిలోని దర్శి తాలూకాలోని లింగమ్మ అను బీదరాలొక ధనికునింటి సేవకురాలుగా నుండెననియు, ధనికుల సొత్తు లపహృత మగుడు ఆమెపై నిందవోపగా నామె బావిలో పడి చచ్చి దేవరయ్యెననియు, నెల్లూరు జిల్లాలోని పొదిలమ్మయు, సందేహింపబడి చంపబడిన యొక స్త్రీశక్తిగా మారినట్టి దనియు, నూరేండ్ల క్రిందటగూడ కోటయ్య అను లింగబలిజి ఒక గొల్ల మగనాలినిగూడి ఆమె భర్తచే వధింపబడి కోటప్పకొండ దేవరగా ప్రసిద్ధు డయ్యె ననియు శ్రీ నేలటూరివారు వ్రాసినారు.” (రెడ్డిరాజుల కాలము)
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“నేటికిని తెనుగు అక్షరాలను “ఓనమాలు” అని దేశమంతటను అందురు. శైవుల ప్రాబల్యమే తెనుగుదేశాని కుండినదనుట కీ ఓనమాలే సాక్ష్యమిస్తున్నవి. “ఓం నమ: శివాయ” అను షడక్షరీ శివమంత్రముతో విద్య ప్రారంభమగుచూ వచ్చినది. ఉత్తర హిందూస్థానములోను, మళయాళములోను “శ్రీ గణేశాయ నమ:” అని అక్షరాభ్యాసము చేతురు. కాని మన తెనుగు దేశమందును, కర్ణాట మందును ఈం నమశ్శివాయయే కాక ‘సిద్ధం నమ:’ అనియు వ్రాయింతురు. మొదట జైనమత వ్యాప్తియై జైనులే విద్యాబోధకు లగుటచేత వారు “ఓం నమ: సిద్ధేభ్య:” అని అక్షరాభ్యాసము చేయిస్తూ వుండిరేమో !” (కాకతీయ యుగము)
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“ఆ కాలమందు గడియకాలములో నీటిలో మునుగునట్లుగా నొక చిల్లిగల గిన్నెను నీటిపై నుంచి అది మునిగిన వెంటనే లెక్కప్రకారము గంట కొట్టుతూ ఉండిరి.” (కాకతీయ యుగము)
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“రాజులు కావ్యనాటకాలను, సాహిత్యశాస్త్రమును, సంగీతనాట్యశాస్త్రములను ఎక్కువగా నభ్యసించి రనుటకు రెడ్డిరాజులు వ్రాసిన శాస్త్రాలు, చేసిన వ్యాఖ్యలే ప్రథమసాక్ష్యములు. అవికాక వారికి అశ్వశిక్షణము, అశ్వశాస్త్రము, గజ శాస్త్రము, రాజనీతి, యుద్ధతంత్రము ముఖ్యములైన విద్యలు, రాజనీతిని గూర్చిన శాస్త్రములు సంస్కృతములో నెక్కువగా నుండెను. తెనుగులో మడికి సింగన సకలనీతిసమ్మతము వ్రాసెను. అందతడు పలువురి తెనుగు నీతికవుల నుదహరించెను. ఆ కవులలో పెక్కుకవుల గ్రంథాలు మనకు లభించుటలేదు. సంగీత నాట్యశాస్త్రములలో కొన్నిరచనలు రాజులే చేసిరి. కుమారగిరి వసంతరాజీయ రచనల కుదాహరణముగా అతని యుంపుడు కత్తెయగు లకుమాదేవి నాట్యము చేస్తూవుండెడిది.” (రెడ్డిరాజుల కాలము)
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“రెడ్డిరాజుల కుండిన బ్రాహ్మణభక్తి భారతదేశ చరిత్రలో వేరుచోట కాన వచ్చునో లేదో అత్యంత సంశయమే. ఓరుగంటి చక్రవర్తు లిచ్చిన దానాలు తురకవిజేతల చేతులలోనికి పోయెను. రెడ్డిరాజులు తాము గెలిచిన ప్రాంతములందంతటను పూర్వరాజులు దానము లన్నింటిని స్థిరపరిచిరి. పైగా తామున్నూ అసంఖ్యాకముగా భూములను, అగ్రహారములను బ్రాహ్మణులకు దానము చేసిరి. వీరి దానములచే ఆకర్షితులై తూర్పుతీర మందలి కృష్ణా గోదావరీ మండలములలో బ్రాహ్మణులు కొల్లలుగా నిండుకొనిరని పలువురు చరిత్రకారు లభిప్రాయ పడినారు.” (రెడ్డిరాజుల కాలము)
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“ఆంధ్రులు సముద్ర వ్యాపారము విశేషముగా చేసినప్పుడు తత్సంబంధమగు సాంకేతికపదములు వాఙ్మయములో నుండవలసియుండెను. కాని యట్టివి విశేషముగా గ్రంథస్థము కాలేదు. అయినట్టివి కొన్ని కూడా జనుల కర్థము కానివై పోయెను.” (రెడ్డిరాజుల కాలము)
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“తెలంగాణాలో నిర్మల కత్తులు జగద్విఖ్యాతి కాంచియుండెను. అచ్చటి కత్తులు అచ్చటి యుక్కు డెమాస్కస్ నగరాని కెగుమతి యగుచుండెను. మెరుగు టద్దాలుకూడా సిద్ధమవుతూ వుండెను. వాటిని శుభ్రము చేయుటకేమో మెరుగురాతి పొడిని వాడినట్లు కానవస్తున్నది.” (రెడ్డిరాజుల కాలము)
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“చతురంగపు ఆట చక్రవర్తులనుండి సాధారణజనులవరకు ఆసక్తిని కలిగించినట్టిది. దీనిని మోసిన్ పుట్టకముందే హిందువులు కనిపెట్టిరని ప్రతీతి నౌషీర్వాన్ అను ప్రసిద్ధ పారసీకచక్రవర్తి యీ యాట గొప్పదనమును విని హిందూస్థానమునుండి అదేపనిగా చతురంగపు పలకలను, కాయలను తెప్పించుకొని ఆ విద్యను నేర్పు గురువును పిలిపించుకొనెను.” (విజయనగర సామ్రాజ్య కాలము)
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“ఈ కాలము(రెడ్డిరాజుల కాలము)లో కళాపోషణము ఉచ్చస్థాయి నందెను. తుది రెడ్డిరాజులు వసంతరాజ బిరుదాంచితులగుట ఈ కళాపోషణమున కొక ప్రబలతర నిదర్శనము. కవిసార్వభౌముడును, ఆసేతువింధ్యాది పర్యంతము తన కీడుజోడు లే డనిపించుకొన్నవాడును, బహుశాస్త్ర పురాణ పారంగతుడును, కవితలో నూతన యుగస్థాపకుడునునగు శ్రీనాథుడు విద్యాధికారియట! అఖిలాంధ్ర వాఙ్మయమునకు ప్రామాణికాచార్యత్రయములోనివాడగు ప్రబంధ పరమేశ్వరుడు ముఖ్యాస్థానకవి యట ! శివలీలా విలాసకర్తయగు నిశ్శంక కొమ్మన రెడ్డి రాజుల కీర్తనల చేసినవాడట ! సహస్ర విధాననవాభినయ కళాశ్రీశోభితలకుమాదేవి రాజసన్నిధిలో నిత్యనూత్నముగా నటంచినదట ! బాలసరస్వత్యాది మహాపండితు లాస్థాన దివ్యజ్యోతులట ! స్వయముగా రెడ్డి, వెలమప్రభులు కవులై, వ్యాఖ్యాతలై, సాహిత్యాచార్యులై సర్వజ్ఞులై సర్వజ్ఞ చక్రవర్తులైన దిగంత విశ్రాంత యశోవిశాలురట ! కర్పూర వసంతోత్సవములకు సుగంధ భాండాగారాధ్యక్షు లుండిరట ! ఇక కళాభివృద్ధికి కొదువయుండునా ?” (రెడ్డిరాజుల కాలము)
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“గారడీ అను విద్యను ఇంద్రజాల మనిరి. ఇంగ్లండులోని ఇంగ్లీషు పత్రికలలో ఇంచుమించు 40 ఏండ్లనుండి యొక చర్చ కొన్నిమారులు చేసినారు. ఇంచుమించు 150 ఏండ్ల క్రిందట ఒక ఇంగ్లీషు వాడొక ఇంద్రజాల ప్రదర్శనమును హిందూస్థానములో చూచి దాన్ని చాలా మెచ్చుకొని అనాడే పత్రికలో వ్రాసెను. ఆ ఇంద్రజాలమ లో ఒకడు త్రాటి నొకదానిని పైకి నిలువుగా విసరి గాలిలోనిలబెట్టి దానిపై కెగబ్రాకి మాయము కాగా, వాని యంగములు ఖండ ఖండములుగా క్రిందబడె ననియు, మరి కొంతసేపటికి వాడు త్రాటినుండి గబ గబ దిగివచ్చెననియు వ్రాసెను. అది యబద్ద మనియు, అట్టి విద్యను ప్రదర్శించు వానికి ఇంగ్లండుకు రానుపోను వ్యయమును భరించి వేలకొలదిగా బహుమానము లిత్తుమనియు కొందరు ప్రకటించిరి. కాని కొరవి గోపరాజు ఒక కథలో ఇదేవిధమగు ఇంద్రజాలమును వర్ణించినాడు.
ఒకడు తనభార్య అనుదానిని వెంటబెట్టుకొని రాజసన్నిధిలో ఆమెను రక్షణార్థమై విడిచి, తాను దేవసహాయార్థమై యుద్ధముచేయ వెళ్ళుతున్నాని చెప్పి ఒక త్రాటిని పైకి నిలువుగా విసరి, దాన్ని నిలబెట్టి, దానిపై కెగబ్రాకి మాయమయైను. కొంతవడికి వాని కాలుసేతులు, తల, మొండెము తుంటలై క్రిందబడెను. వాడుంకువగా నుంచిపోయిన వానిభార్య రాజును వేడి సెలవు పొంది సహగమనము చేసెను.
వెంటనే త్రాడు పైకి ప్రాకిపోయిన భటుడు పైనుండి దిగివచ్చి తనభార్యను పంపుమనెను. రాజు విచారగ్రస్తుడై ఆమె సహగమనము చేసెనని చెప్పెను.” (రెడ్డిరాజుల కాలము)
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“హిందూ సైనికులు ముసల్మానులవంటి సైనికభటులు కారు. ముసల్మాను సైన్యములో అరబ్బులు, ఖురాసానీ తురకలు, పారసీలు, అబిషీలు (అబిసీనియనులు), పఠానులు, బిల్లులు, మున్నగు అటవికులు ఉండిరి. తమ సైనికులు తురక భటులకు సరిరారని విజయనగర చక్రవర్తులు గుర్తించి, తురకలను తమ సైన్యములో భర్తీచేసి, వారికొక “తురకపేట”ను ప్రత్యేకించి వారికి మసీదులు కట్టించి సకల సదుపాయములు చేసిరి. అట్లు చేసినను వారికి హిందూ రాజులపై విశ్వాస ముండినటుల కానరాదు. వారు తమ ఏలికలకు సలాములు కూడ చేయుటకు ఇష్టపడనందున ఏదోవిధముగా తమ గౌరవము నిలుపుకొనుటకు తన గద్దెపై ఖురాను నుంచుకొని దానికిచేసిన తురక సలాములను తానును పంచుకొనెను.” (విజయనగర సామ్రాజ్య కాలము)
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“ద్వంద్వయుద్ధము కేవలము విజయనగర రాజ్యమందే నెగడెను. ద్వంద్వయుద్ధము చేయువారు మంత్రి లేక రాజు సెలవు పొందవలసి యుండెను. గెలిచినవానికి ఓడినవాని ఆస్తి యిప్పించెడివారు.” (విజయనగర సామ్రాజ్య కాలము)
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“జనులు మాడలను బిందెలలో నింపి ఇండ్లలో, దొడ్లలో, చేలలో గుర్తుగా దాచుకొంటూవుండిరి. తరాలుగా దాచిన జాడలు వృద్ధులు తమవారికి తెలుపకముందే చచ్చుటయు, దానికై వాని సంతతి వారు వెదకుటయు సంభవించెడిది. ధనాంజనము వేసి ధన మెక్కడున్నదో కనిపెట్టే మంత్ర తంత్రవేత్తలు బయలుదేరిరి. పలుమారు దాచిన ద్రవ్యము పరులకు హఠాత్తుగా దొరుకుతూ వుండెను. ద్రవ్యమును భూమిలో పూడ్చి దాచుకొను నాచారము నేటికికూడ మన పల్లెలలోని కొందరిలో కానవస్తున్నది.” (విజయనగర సామ్రాజ్య కాలము)
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“దేశమందు బాటల నిర్మాణము చాలా తక్కువ. అందుచేత బండ్లపై వ్యాపారము చేయుట కనుకూలముగా లేకుండెను. వ్యాపారస్థులు ఎద్దులపై కూలీల కావళ్ళపై, గుర్రపు తట్టువులపై, గాడిదలపై కంచర గాడిదలపై సరుకులను తీసికొనిపోతుండిరి. ఈవిషయమును మన సారస్వతమందు పలుతావులలో తెలిపినదేకాక ఆగంతుక వైదేశికులగు పీస్, బార్బోసా పభృతులు తాము చూచినట్లు తెలిపినారు. బాటలు లేక అడవులెక్కువగా నుండినప్పుడు దొంగలు కూడా ఎక్కువగానే యుండిరి…. దొంగలభయానికి వ్యాపారులు గుంపులుగాపోయిరి.” (విజయనగర సామ్రాజ్య కాలము)
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“కొల్లూరు పట్టణములో ఒకదేవుడు వెలిసెను. ప్రతి జనుడు ధాన్యమును తన మూత్రములో తడిపి ఆ దేవతా విగ్రహముపై వేసిన అవన్నీ రత్నాలై రవ్వ లవుచుండెనట. అందరును ఆ క్రియను చేయుచు మేడలు కట్టిరి. ఆ పట్టణములో ఒక పేద బాప డుండెను. అందరివలె నీవును చేసి సుఖపడరాదా అని అతనిభార్య తొందరపెట్టుచుండెను. ఏమైననుకాని నేనా తుచ్చపుపని చేసి అపచారము చేయనని అ శిష్టు డనుచుండెను. ఒకనాటి మద్యరాత్రి మరొక వృద్ధ బ్రాహ్మణు డా పేదబాపని కుటుంబ సహితముగా పట్టణము బయటకు పిలుచుకొని పోయి అదిగో కొల్లూరుపట్టణ వైభవము చూడు అని ధగద్ధగితముగా మండుచుండే పట్టణమును వారికి చూపి మాయమయ్యెనట. అది కొల్లూరు పట్టణం వలె వెలిగినది అనేకథ. ఆ కథ నిజముగా ఈ వజ్రాలగనికి సంబంధించినదని పైననే కనబడుచున్నది.” (క్రీ.శ. 1600 నుండి 1757 వరకు)
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“ఆ కాలమందు కోర్టులు లేకుండెను. ప్రతిగ్రామమందు గ్రామపెద్దలు ప్రతిఫలాపేక్ష లేక తగవులు తీర్పుచేసిరి. విజ్ఞానేశ్వరీయమే ముఖ్యాధార భూతశాస్త్రము. బ్రాహ్మణులే సభాసదులు. వారి తీర్పులపై రాజువద్ద పునర్విమర్శ(అపీలు) కావచ్చును. సాధారణముగా వారి తీర్పునకు తిరుగు లేకుండెను. ధనోద్బవ (సివిల్), హింసోద్బవ (క్రిమినల్) అభియోగములను (కేసులను) వారే విచారించిరి. ముఖ్యమైన నేరములను రాజు స్వయముగా విచారించెనను. ‘సభ’వారిని పిలిచి వారి సహాయముతో తీర్పు చెప్పెడివారు.
“సభ”ను చావడిలోనో, దేవాలయమందో, ఊరిమధ్య నుండు “రచ్చ” కట్టపైననో చేసిరి. అందుచేత వివాదమునకు సభగా కూడుటకును “రచ్చ” యనిరి.” (విజయనగర సామ్రాజ్య కాలము)
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“”కృష్ణ” అను పేరుగల విద్వాంసుడు రాయలవారికి సంగీతము నేర్పెను. అతడు రాయలకు వీణావాద్యముకూడా నేర్పినందులకుశిష్యుడు గురువునకు గురుదక్షిణముగా నిలువైన ముత్యాల హారాలను, వజ్రాల హారాలను నిచ్చెనని కర్ణాటభాషలో నారాయణ కవిచే వ్రాయబడిన రాఘవేంద్రవిజయములో తెలిపినారు. సంగీతము శాస్త్రప్రకారము అత్యంతాభివృద్ధి నొందెను. ఒక్కొక్క ఋతువులో ఒక్కొక్క రాగమునకు ప్రాధాన్యముండెను. వసంతకాలమందు హిందోళరాగము పాడిరి. రాయలకు పోర్చుగీసు రాయభారి తమ దేశపు వాద్యములను కానుక యివ్వగా వారు చాల సంతోషించిరట!” (విజయనగర సామ్రాజ్య కాలము)
*****

పై విశేషాలన్నీ సాహిత్య, చారిత్రకాధారాలను విశ్లేషించి, పదాలను అర్థాలను వింగడించి వెయ్యేళ్ళ తెలుగువారి జీవన చిత్రంగా సురవరం ప్రతాపరెడ్డి రాసిన ఆంధ్రుల సాంఘిక చరిత్ర అనే పుస్తకం నుంచి తీసుకున్నవి. ఆంధ్రుల సాంఘిక చరిత్రలో తెలుగు వారు వెయ్యేళ్ళ కాలంలో ఎలా జీవించారన్న విషయాన్ని వివరించే అపురూపమైన గ్రంథం. “తారీఖులు దస్తావేజులు ఇవి కాదోయ్ చరిత్రకర్థం” అని సంప్రదాయ చరిత్ర రచన లక్ష్యాలు, పద్ధతులు తప్పుపట్టాడు మహాకవి శ్రీశ్రీ.

అదే కవితలో
చారిత్రక విభాత సంధ్యల/ మానవకథ వికాసమెట్టిది?/ ఏ దేశం ఏ కాలంలో/ సాధించిన దే పరమార్థం?/ ఏ శిల్పం? ఏ సాహిత్యం?/ ఏ శాస్త్రం?ఏ గాంధర్వం?/ ఏ వెల్గుల కీ ప్రస్థానం?/ ఏ స్వప్నం? ఏ దిగ్విజయం?
అన్న కవితాపాదాలకు రూపమిస్తూ ఒక జాతి జనుల సంఘర్షణకు, అలవాట్లకు, పద్ధతులకు రూపంగా వెలువరించారు సురవరం ప్రతాపరెడ్డి ఈ పుస్తకాన్ని. ఒక సాంఘిక సముదాయంగా తెలుగు జాతి ఏ కష్టనిష్టూరాలు ఎదుర్కొన్నది, ఏ అలవాట్లు చేసుకున్నది, ఏ పద్ధతుల్లో జీవించినది, ఏయే పడికట్లు కలిగివుండేది అన్నవి అన్వేషిస్తూ వెయ్యేళ్ళ తెలుగు వారి జనజీవితానికి అద్దంగా ఆంధ్రుల సాంఘిక చరిత్ర రూపొందింది.

ప్రామాణికత, ఆసక్తిదాయకమైన అంశాల మేలుకలయిక అయిన ఈ పుస్తకం వెలువడిన తొలిముద్రణకే ఆంధ్ర పండిత లోకంలో ప్రముఖులైన రాళ్ళపల్లి అనంతకృష్ణశర్మ, వేటూరి ప్రభాకరశాస్త్రి వంటివారి మన్నన పొందింది. తర్వాత ఎన్నో విశ్వవిద్యాలయాల్లో పాఠ్యగ్రంథంగా నిర్ణీతమైంది, ప్రస్తుతం గ్రూప్ పరీక్షలకు పాఠ్య పుస్తకాల్లో ఇదీ ఒకటి. ఆంధ్రుల సాంఘిక చరిత్ర రచనకు గాను సురవరం ప్రతాపరెడ్డి కేంద్ర సాహిత్య అకాడమీ పురస్కారం అందుకున్నారు. 20వ శతాబ్ది ముగిసి కొత్త సహస్రాబ్దిలోకి అడుగుపెడుతున్న తరుణంలో 1999లో వెల్చేరు నారాయణరావు, జంపాల చౌదరి రూపొందించిన 20వ శతాబ్ది ఉత్తమ తెలుగు పుస్తకాల జాబితా “ఈ శతాబ్దపు రచనా శతం” సహా అనేక ఉత్తమ పుస్తకాల జాబితాలో చోటుచేసుకుంటూనే ఉంది.

ఆంధ్రుల సాంఘిక చరిత్ర పుస్తకాన్ని తెలుగు వికీసోర్సు సముదాయ సభ్యులు (శ్రీరామమూర్తి, డాక్టర్ రాజశేఖర్, ప్రభృతులు) యూనీకోడ్‌లో పాఠ్యీకరించి, ఇ-పుస్తకంగా తయారుచేశారు. ఈ పుస్తకం ఎవరైనా తిరిగి వాడుకోవచ్చు, పంచుకోవడానికి వీలుగా లభ్యమవుతోంది. 2018 మే మొదటి పక్షంలో ఈ పుస్తకాన్ని విశేషగ్రంథంగా తెలుగు వికీసోర్సు వారు ప్రదర్శిస్తున్నారు.

For more details visit https://cis-india.org/a2k/blogs/article-on-telugu-wikisource-feature-book-in-pustakam

Sambad Health and Women Edit-a-thon

Admin — 2018-05-07T16:34:44Z

Sambad Health and Women Edit-a-thon was an offline edit-a-thon held in the month of April in collaboration with the Sambad media house, Odia Wikimedia User Group and the Center for Internet and Society.

The event was a two day long edit-a-thon, on the first day near about 8 journalists from the Sambad group took part in the orientation and on the second day 18 editors (new and existing) wrote articles on Odia Wikipedia. The event was a follow up of the previous year’s 100 women edit-a-thon which aimed to write articles on Women related topics and Women achievers of Odisha. The theme of this years' edit-a-thon was to write articles on Women Health, Hygiene including social challenges.

Near around 20 staffs and 6 Wikimedians from Bhubaneswar took part in the event.

For more details visit https://cis-india.org/a2k/blogs/sambad-health-and-women-edit-a-thon

CIS' Submission on Statement of Working of Patents

sinha — 2018-04-21T15:32:00Z

The Centre for Internet & Society (CIS) made a submission to the Indian Patent Office on the issue of Statement of Working as per Form 27 under the Patents Act, 1970.

Select stakeholders were invited to the consultation meeting held on April 6, 2018. Anubha Sinha attended it along with a few other public-spirited stakeholders. She made a statement stressing on the requirement of the patent system to serve the welfare-purpose and not create mere non-working/ blocking monopolies; and that the argument of representatives of patentees about non-working of patents being the existing norm, and that they cannot be questioned about this, is absolutely against the central tenets of patent law. All written submissions can be accessed here.

Centre for Internet and Society - India’s (CIS) submission to the Controller General of Patents, Designs and Trademarks (CGPDTM) pertaining to Stakeholders Meeting regarding issues related to Working of patents under the Patents Act, 1970

As the CGPDTM is aware, the Indian mobile device manufacturing industry is mired in issues related to licensing of standard essential patents (SEPs). Disputes have resulted in imposition of heavy interim royalty rates on Indian manufacturers, payable to foreign SEP holders. Section 146 and Rule 131 of the Patents Act, 1970 mandate patentees to provide information on working of patents, which is crucial for willing licensees to access patent working information in a timely manner. This requirement, that the details of patent working be disclosed by patentees supports several policy goals, firstly, of making the Indian population benefit from commercial use of the invention; secondly, prevents patentees from creating blocking monopolies – from obtaining and maintaining patents for the purpose of blocking others from developing technologies in the vicinity of the patented inventions; and thirdly, by showing that reasonable requirements of the public are met (or not), directly impacts the implementation of the compulsory licensing scheme of the Patents Act, 1970.
We note that in 2009, 2013 and 2015 the CGPDTM issued public notices calling on patent owners to comply with their obligations to file statements of working on Form 27. Further, on February 12, 2013, the Indian Patent Office (IPO) announced plans to make Form 27 submissions for the year 2012 available to the public via the IPO website. However, these measures have not yielded any significant progress, as patentees and licensees continue to not comply or defectively comply with the statutory requirements.
CIS’ empirical research on ICT innovations reveals that there are serious lapses as far as compliance and enforcement of statutory provisions mandating filing of Form 27 are concerned. In the past year, we studied data available from 2009- 2016 for the mobile device sector, and could only identify and access 4,916 valid Forms 27, corresponding to 3,126 mobile device patents, leaving 1,186 Indian patents for which a Form 27 could have been filed, but was not found. For a surprising number of Form 27s (3%) the working status of the relevant patent was not even designated.

Even among the Form 27s that had been obtained, almost none contained useful information regarding the working of the subject patents or fully complying with the informational requirements of the Indian Patent Rules. Many patentees simply omitted required descriptive information from their forms without any explanation.

Via our research we also gathered complaints raised by patentees and industry observers regarding the structure of the Form 27 requirement itself. For example, patents covering complex, multi-component products that embody dozens of technical standards and thousands of patents may not necessarily be amenable to the individual-level data requested by Form 27.

Thus, our findings support the arguments and findings made by the petitioners in the ongoing matter of Shamnad Basheer v. Union of India and Ors.
Regardless, we submit that these technical difficulties should not hinder the critical statutory requirement placed on patent holders to diligently comply with Form 27 compliance. In the context of licensing of SEPs, several stakeholders recently suggested solutions as revealed from the submissions made to the TRAI Consultation on Promoting Local Telecom Manufacturing:

Two industry associations, namely Telecom Equipment Manufacturers Association of India (TEMA) and Telecom Equipment & Services Export Promotion Council (TEPC) and a telecommunication enabler Vihan Network Limited recommended that a modified and longer version of Form 27 (Form 27S) may be designed for SEP holders that should apply right at the filing stage. Section 159 of the Patent Act, 1970 empowers the central government to make such modifications to the form, as necessary.

Further, Prof. T Ramakrishna (MHRD Chair on Intellectual Property Rights) at NLSIU, specifically recommended that Form 27 may be amended to include a new column, which may require the patent holder to declare if their patent forms a part of any standard and in case of affirmative answer – the name of the Standard Setting Organisation and corresponding standard of which it is a part.

We recommend that the form may be amended to make it more comprehensive and suitable for obtaining necessary information. The same information should be made publicly accessible, in order to satisfy the Indian citizen that the patent is being properly worked.
Further, we would like to draw attention to our findings on deficient technical capabilities of the Indian Patent Office’s online Form 27 repository:
Some PDFs of the forms comprise scanned image files without OCR of the text. This makes them inaccessible to the visually impaired, and prevents search and discoverability of their content. This also makes them less usable by preventing copying and selection of text.

In some cases, it was difficult to identify which one in the list of documents associated with a patent is Form 27, because of obscure filenames.

For example, for Patent Number 262228, Form 27 was named 68.262228.pdf, as found on IPAIRS.

For Patent number 260603, the filename for Form 27 was "ipindiaonline.gov.in_epatentfiling_online_frmPreview.asp.pdf" on IPAIRS.

Inconsistency in search results found on IPAIRS. Searching for the peripheral documents of the patents, returned the results, "No PDF found" for one full week. The next week, the documents started showing. Some searches returned results for an entirely different patent number.

Sometimes, Form 27 found on InPASS was not found on IPAIRS and vice versa.

Runtime errors occur due to browser caching. IPAIRS returned either a 404 error or Connection Time Out ("site is taking too long to respond") http://ipindiaonline.gov.in/patentsearch/search/index.aspx. In our opinion, it could be redirected to InPASS as it uses the same search engine as InPASS. Further, http://ipindia.nic.in/patsea.htm returned a 404 error.
We are thankful to the Indian Patent Office for the opportunity to make these submissions. It would be our pleasure and privilege to discuss these submissions and recommendations in details at the Stakeholders’ Meeting on 21 March, 2018.

On behalf of the Centre for Internet and Society, March 16, 2018
Anubha Sinha, anubha@cis-india.org

See Trimble, Markela, Patent Working Requirements: Historical and Comparative Perspectives (2016). Available at http://www.law.uci.edu/lawreview/vol6/no3/Trimble.pdf

See Contreras, Jorge L. and Lakshané, Rohini and Lewis, Paxton, Patent Working Requirements and Complex Products (October 1, 2017). NYU Journal of Intellectual Property & Entertainment Law; Available at SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3004283

Supra note (ii).

Refer to Appendix for a breakdown of compliance of Form 27 by patent holders in the mobile device sector.

See Shamnad Basheer, Making Patents Work: Of IP Duties and Deficient Disclosures, 7 QUEEN MARY J. INTELL. PROP. 3, 6-17 (2017).

Also, see https://spicyip.com/shamnad-basheer-v-union-of-india-ors

See TRAI’s Consultation Paper on Promoting Local Telecom Equipment Manufacturing dated 18.09.2017 and the responses, available here: http://trai.gov.in/consultation-paper-promoting-local-telecom-equipment-manufacturing?page=2

Section 159 of the Patent Act, 1970 empowers the central government to make rules. Accordingly, the Rule 131 of the Patents Rules, 2003 prescribes Form 27 as the manner in which section 146(2) of the Act is to be implemented.

An email by Rohini Lakshane (CIS) compiling these issues was sent to Dr. K.S. Kardam (Senior Joint Controller of Patents and Designs - ‎Indian Patent Office) on 09.09.2017.

Click to download the submission by CIS made on March 16, 2018 here.

For more details visit https://cis-india.org/a2k/blogs/cis-submission-on-statement-of-working-of-patents

Chromebook for the Project Tiger- How it is helping me to contribute actively on Wikimedia projects!

Sangram Keshari Senapati — 2018-04-20T06:21:10Z

Project Tiger is a collaboration project of Wikimedia Foundation with Centre for Internet and Society, Wikimedia India and other affiliates of India to improve and create high-quality content in Indic languages like Odia, Hindi, Telugu, Tamil, Malayalam, Kannada, Marathi, Bengali, Punjabi etc.This project helps the active and experienced Wikipedia editors by supporting them with Internet charges for 6 months and Laptops to 50 volunteers to address existing Wikipedia content gaps.

A diverse list of articles related to art, health, culture, and others are provided for Project Tiger Edit-a-thon to bridge the content gap on Odia Wikipedia, and within these 3 months (March, April & May), volunteers who write the most number of articles in their language Wikipedias with the proper guidelines will be awarded prizes worth 3000 INR, 2000 INR and 1000 INR according to their contribution for the month.

I applied for a laptop under this program so that I could contribute more than as usual. I must thank Sailesh Patnaik for guiding me to apply for the laptop. After verifying all the applied list, the final result was out and my username "ssgapu22" was on the 33rd number with other 4 Odia Wikipedia friends.

On 16th March, I received an e-mail from Tito to submit my address to get the laptop. So, I submitted the address of my PG, where I'm staying right now in Bangalore. After 30 minutes, he pinged me on Facebook and called me to the office. So that, I could receive the laptop directly.

I reached there at the CIS-A2K office to receive the laptop. There were Tanveer, Gopala, and Tito and later Ananth joined us. I met them at Mysore for TTT 2018. It was like a reunion with them. After a short conversation with Ravi, I did a live unboxing the Chromebook on Facebook, where I was asked about my experience in the Wikimedia movement and about some features of this laptop.

In that box, there was an Acer Chromebook. I have experience with the Windows OS and Linux OS, but this was little different. Since this has the Chrome browser only and all are available online. So, Tito described some of the features of Chromebook to me.

Now, I must say something about this laptop. It doesn't have any hard disk drive to store movies. So, all the time we hold it must work and all those works could be done in online. So we could focus more on Wikipedia works. The power backup is outstanding, around 10 to 12 hours. So, the power failure doesn't affect the work. And yes, with a short update of Chrome OS, the Google Playsote activated so we could download the play store apps directly.

By getting this laptop, I started working on this and all those online works are done easily. Previously, when I was using other laptops, the works took longer than as usual since the slow processing, but here that problem avoided. Finally, this laptop would definitely help me with the Wikipedia works. Since I'm working on the #1WikiYear project on Odia Wikipedia and Wikisource on a particular subject after contributing to my #1WikiYear project, I also write an article for the Project Tiger from the list.

Link to Sangram Keshari Senapati blogpost

For more details visit https://cis-india.org/a2k/blogs/chromebook-for-the-project-tiger-in-a-collaboration-with-google-by-wikipedia

RightsCon 2018

Admin — 2018-02-28T15:15:06Z

Rohini Lakshané, Anubha Sinha, Vidushi Marda, and Amba Kak will be participating in the seventh event in the RightsCon Summit Series to be held in Toronto from May 16 - 18, 2018 as speakers.

Rohini's proposal “Cheap and chipper: IP in India's affordable smartphones” has been accepted!

As the world’s leading conference on human rights in the digital age, RightsCon brings together business leaders, policy makers, general counsels, government representatives, technologists, and human rights defenders from around the world to tackle pressing issues at the intersection of human rights and digital technology. This is where our community comes together to break down silos, forge partnerships, and drive large-scale, real-world change toward a more free, open, and connected world.

For more info click here

For more details visit https://cis-india.org/a2k/news/rightscon-2018

Marathi Language Day events by CIS-A2K in February 2018

subodh — 2018-03-17T08:58:44Z

Marathi Language day is celebrated all over world on 27th February. Dnyanpeeth award winning writer V.V.Shirwadkar alias Kusumagraj was born on this date. Various events and activities were conducted in collaboration with community, institutions and government departments.

Online Workshops

These were conducted at Jeevan Jyoti Women empowerment centre,Velhe ; Garware College of Commerce, Pune and Dayanand college in Solapur. Proof reading of marathi book on Wikisource was completed by the students of Garware college on this day.

Media

Guest editorial in leading newspaper Sakal was published on 10th Feb. The gist is - Everyone speaks, discusses about status of marathi on the occasion of language day on 27th feb and Yearly Litfest. If we want to make marathi, a global language for knowledge sharing and connecting to world lang' communities, it is necessary to adopt unicode and open source softwares in writing, publishing,printing etc. The collaborative works also need unicode as it is a universal bridge. The Wikipedias in 288 lang's is a great success story because it is based on Unicode & open source. The editorial also gives future action plan to achieve this, viz. upgradation of academic courses related to language business, writers/publishers workshops, Indic lang computing centre, digitisation/OCR and content donation in Wikisource, Wiktionary etc., Copyright free/relicense movement among writers or copyright holders, Appeal to social and educational magazines to upload their old issues on Wikisource as reference material.

Radio Interview on Tomato FM 94.3 Kolhapur on 27th Feb. The promotion was made through Facebook post and ads on Radio. The interview received good response from 2 districts.

Event in Sangli

A special event was arranged by 'Janswasthya organisation on 28th Feb. Nearly 80 prominent personalities from Sangli district gathered together to discuss about growth of marathi language. Alongwith Subodh Kulkarni, writer Ramdas Phutane also participated.

Media Coverage

News in Pudhari
News in Lokmat
News in Samana

For more details visit https://cis-india.org/a2k/blogs/marathi-language-day-events-by-cis-a2k-in-february-2018

Mini Train the Trainer 2018

subodh — 2018-03-17T08:51:26Z

A mini train the trainer 2018 (Mini TTT 2018) program was organized by CIS-A2K at Jnana Prabodhini & Bhave High School, Sadashiv Peth, Pune on 24 and 25 February 2018. Total 19 active editors from Marathi community participated. Experienced editors from community were also involved in the program.

The objective of the workshop was to develop personality and leadership skills, boost the outreach activities, build cohesiveness and strong relations within the editors, assess the needs of the community and projects, and evolve progress plan.

The participants profiles and the expected outcomes were decided on the nature of persons. They were divided into following categories and inputs were designed accordingly -

TTT Alumni - 4 people in the group. Interest areas are - History, Culture, Indology, Literature, Gender, Sociology, Health, Arts & Culture, Rural development issues, Wikisource, Sports, People.

They are expected to work as mentors for new editors; Wikipedia pillars; Copyright issues; Should be able to do analysis and evolve improvement measures; Integration of Wikimedia Projects; Work for new developments in Wiki projects; Global engagement programs

Facilitators at Institutional & organisational Partners - 12 people in the group. From - Dayanand College, Solapur ; Soni College, Solapur ; T.C.College, Baramati; BAM University, Aurangabad; Vigyan Ashram, Pabal; Jeevan Jyoti Women Emp. Centre, Velhe; Jnana Prabodhini Women Emp.Department ; Jnana Prabodhini Research Centre, Pune ; Wikisource Internship Program at Garware college, Pune

They are expected to learn advance skills, tools & gadgets for good editing; Wikipedia pillars; Copyright issues; To conduct workshops for student community; Design internships and academic assignments for WEP; To develop thematic groups; Quality improvement; Tracking process and progress using outreach dashboard

Independent new active editors - 4 people in the group. Interest areas are - Language, Biographies,Science, Technology, Development issues, Drama, Films, Music, Finance, Commerce, Tourism, Commons

They are Working on category-wise content generation; Wikipedia pillars; Copyright issues; Building communities of interest; reference tools

Topics covered

Advanced tools and gadgets
Quality issues in Wikipedia
Event planning and reporting
Commons - Copyright, categories
Wikidata
Wikisource - Copyright, OTRS, OCR
Outreach dashboard
Global campaigns

For more details visit https://cis-india.org/a2k/blogs/mini-train-the-trainer-2018

January 2018 Newsletter

praskrishna — 2018-03-01T01:35:56Z

January 2018 Newsletter

Dear readers,

Previous issues of the newsletters can be accessed here.

Highlights
The paper titled "Patent Working Requirements and Complex Products" has been published in the latest issue of the NYU Journal of Intellectual Property and Entertainment Law. It is one of the outputs of the Pervasive Technology project and has been authored by Prof. Jorge L. Contreras, Paxton M. Lewis, and Rohini Lakshané. CIS made a submission to the Department of Industrial Planning and Promotion on mobile patents. CIS offered its assistance on matters aimed at developing a suitable policy framework for SEPs and FRAND in India, and, working towards sustained innovation, manufacture and availability of mobile technologies in India The use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in healthcare in India is increasing with new startups and large ICT companies offering AI solutions for healthcare challenges in the country. The report by by Yesha Paul, Elonnai Hickok, Amber Sinha and Udbhav Tiwari seeks to map the present state of AI in the healthcare sector in India. About 27% of India's population is still illiterate or barely literate. Most privacy policies and terms of services for web and mobile applications are in English and therefore it is only 10% of us who can actually read them before we provide our consent. The article by Sunil Abraham was published in Deccan Herald on January 20, 2018. CIS made a submission to TRAI Consultation on inputs to the National Telecom Policy. CIS in its submission also recommended what all should be the main objectives of TRAI while drafting the next edition of National Telecom Policy. Under a research grant from the Azim Premji University CIS has initiated a study of the ongoing updation process of the National Register of Citizens (NRC) in Assam and the resultant reform of citizen identification infrastructure in India. The 2G judgment of December 2017 provides a critique of how no proper evidence was presented on existence of an FCFS policy and its improper implementation, wrote Shyam Ponappa in his article in the Business Standard which was published on January 3, 2018.

Highlights

The paper titled "Patent Working Requirements and Complex Products" has been published in the latest issue of the NYU Journal of Intellectual Property and Entertainment Law. It is one of the outputs of the Pervasive Technology project and has been authored by Prof. Jorge L. Contreras, Paxton M. Lewis, and Rohini Lakshané.
CIS made a submission to the Department of Industrial Planning and Promotion on mobile patents. CIS offered its assistance on matters aimed at developing a suitable policy framework for SEPs and FRAND in India, and, working towards sustained innovation, manufacture and availability of mobile technologies in India
The use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in healthcare in India is increasing with new startups and large ICT companies offering AI solutions for healthcare challenges in the country. The report by by Yesha Paul, Elonnai Hickok, Amber Sinha and Udbhav Tiwari seeks to map the present state of AI in the healthcare sector in India.
About 27% of India's population is still illiterate or barely literate. Most privacy policies and terms of services for web and mobile applications are in English and therefore it is only 10% of us who can actually read them before we provide our consent. The article by Sunil Abraham was published in Deccan Herald on January 20, 2018.
CIS made a submission to TRAI Consultation on inputs to the National Telecom Policy. CIS in its submission also recommended what all should be the main objectives of TRAI while drafting the next edition of National Telecom Policy.
Under a research grant from the Azim Premji University CIS has initiated a study of the ongoing updation process of the National Register of Citizens (NRC) in Assam and the resultant reform of citizen identification infrastructure in India.
The 2G judgment of December 2017 provides a critique of how no proper evidence was presented on existence of an FCFS policy and its improper implementation, wrote Shyam Ponappa in his article in the Business Standard which was published on January 3, 2018.

The following articles were written by CIS members:

Digital native: Memory card is full (Nishant Shah; Indian Express; January 3, 2018).
The 2G Judgment of December 2017: What Was It About? (Shyam Ponappa; Business Standard; January 3, 2018).
Fixing Aadhaar: Security developers' task is to trim chances of data breach (Sunil Abraham; Business Standard; January 10, 2018).
Another Step towards Privacy Law (Elonnai Hickok; Governance Now; January 15, 2018).

Data Protection: We can innovate, leapfrog (Sunil Abraham; Deccan Herald; January 20, 2018).

CIS in the News:

From net neutrality to IBC & Aadhaar, how Vidhi is framing key government legislation (Surabhi Agarwal and Samanwaya Rautray; Economic Times; January 4, 2018).
UIDAI denies any breach of Aadhaar database (Komal Gupta; Livemint; January 7, 2018).
Token security or tokenized security? (Manasa Venkataraman and Ajay Patri; Livemint; January 9, 2018).
UIDAI introduces new two-layer security system to improve Aadhaar privacy (Economic Times; January 11, 2018).
Hammered government offers Virtual ID firewall to protect your Aadhaar (New Indian Express; January 11, 2018).
Virtual Aadhaar ID: too little, too late? (Yuthika Bhargava; Hindu; January 11, 2018).
India To Introduce Virtual ID For Aadhaar To Strengthen Privacy (Bloomberg Quint; January 11, 2018).
UIDAI's Virtual ID, limited KYC does little to protect Aadhaar data already collected, say critics (Business Today; January 12, 2018).
Aadhaar Body Talked About Virtual ID 7 Years Ago, Put It Off: UIDAI Chief (Sukriti Dwivedi; NDTV; January 13, 2018).
Bengaluru gives data safety tips to panel (Deccan Herald; January 14, 2018).
Is your personal information under lock and key? (Sravanthi Challapalli; Hindu Businessline; January 16, 2018).
Aadhaar-privacy debate: How the 12-digit number went from personal identifier to all pervasive transaction tool (First Post; January 18, 2018).
Paytm Payments Bank woos corporates with digital incentives (Komal Gupta and Remya Nair; Livemint; January 24, 2018).
Aadhaar's new security measures are good, it is still work in progress (Alnoor Peermohamed; Business Standard; January 25, 2018).

►Wikipedia

Blog Entries

Government of Odisha adopting Creative Commons License to Promote Transparency and Access to Knowledge (Sailesh Patnaik; January 17, 2018).
Experience and Learning outcome from Wikipedia Education Program (Lakshmi Karlekar; January 30, 2018).

Events Organized

Marathi Wikipedia Workshop at Dept. of Mass Communication, Solapur University (Organized by CIS-A2K and Dept of Mass Communication, Solapur University; Solapur; January 2, 2018).
Marathi Wikipedia Workshop at Dayanand College, Solapur (Organized by CIS-A2K and Dayanand College, Solapur; Solapur; January 3, 2018).
Marathi Wikipedia Workshop at Willingdon College, Sangli (Organized by CIS-A2K and Willingdon College; Sangli; January 5, 2018).
Marathi Wikipedia Workshop at Govt.Science & Arts College, Aurangabad (Organized by CIS-A2K and Govt.Science & Arts College; Aurangabad; January 9, 2018).
Marathi Wikipedia Workshop at Dr.Babasaheb Ambedkar Marathwada Vidyapeeth (Organized by CIS-A2K and Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar Marathwada University; Aurangabad; January 10, 2018).
Marathi Wikipedia Workshop at Shivaji University, Kolhapur (Organized by CIS-A2K and Shivaji University; Kolhapur; January 15, 2018).
Wikidata Workshop (Organized by CIS-A2K and Andhra Loyola College; Vijaywada; January 20 - 21, 2018).
Train the Trainer 2018 (Organized by CIS-A2K; Mysore; January 26 - 28, 2018).

►Pervasive Technologies

Research Paper

Patent Working Requirements and Complex Products (Jorge L. Contreras, Rohini Lakshané and Paxton M. Lewis; JIPEL NYU Journal of Intellectual Property & Entertainment Law, Vol. 7 - No.1 on January 16, 2018).

Submission

Submission to DIPP at Meeting with IP Stakeholders (Anubha Sinha; January 1, 2018). The submission was made in December 2017 but it was published on the website in January 2018.

►Openness

Our work in the Openness programme focuses on open data, especially open government data, open access, open education resources, open knowledge in Indic languages, open media, and open technologies and standards - hardware and software. We approach openness as a cross-cutting principle for knowledge production and distribution, and not as a thing-in-itself.

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Internet Governance
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►Privacy

Blog Entry

Artificial Intelligence and the Healthcare Industry in India (Yesha Paul, Elonnai Hickok, Amber Sinha and Udbhav Tiwari (Ecosystem mapping by Shweta Mohandas, Sidharth Ray and Elonnai Hickok. Designed by Saumyaa Naidu under Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License; January 26, 2018).

Events Organized

Roundtable on A.I. and Manufacturing and Services (TERI, Bengaluru; January 19, 2018).

null Bangalore Meet: Special Session on Digital Identity and Privacy (CIS, Bengaluru; January 19, 2018). Sunil Abraham gave a talk.

►Free Speech and Expression

Blog Entries

Internet Governance Forum Report 2017 (Shweta Mohandas; January 11, 2018).

Mobile net ban during peaceful protest leaves farmers confused (Shruti Jain; January 19, 2018).

‘Hurt sentiments’ cost Udaipur internet access for four days (Shruti Jain; January 19, 2018).

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Telecom
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CIS is involved in promoting access and accessibility to telecommunications services and resources, and has provided inputs to ongoing policy discussions and consultation papers published by TRAI. It has prepared reports on unlicensed spectrum and accessibility of mobile phones for persons with disabilities and also works with the USOF to include funding projects for persons with disabilities in its mandate:

Article

Submission to TRAI Consultation on "Inputs for Formulation of National Telecom Policy - 2018" (Pranesh Prakash; January 25, 2018).

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Researchers at Work
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The Researchers at Work (RAW) programme is an interdisciplinary research initiative driven by an emerging need to understand the reconfigurations of social practices and structures through the Internet and digital media technologies, and vice versa. It aims to produce local and contextual accounts of interactions, negotiations, and resolutions between the Internet, and socio-material and geo-political processes:

Blog Entry

Life of a Tuple: National Register of Citizens (NRC) and the Reform of Citizen Identification Infrastructure in Assam (Sumandro Chattapadhyay; January 22, 2018). All posts related to the study can be found here.

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About CIS
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The Centre for Internet and Society (CIS) is a non-profit organisation that undertakes interdisciplinary research on internet and digital technologies from policy and academic perspectives. The areas of focus include digital accessibility for persons with disabilities, access to knowledge, intellectual property rights, openness (including open data, free and open source software, open standards, open access, open educational resources, and open video), internet governance, telecommunication reform, digital privacy, and cyber-security. The academic research at CIS seeks to understand the reconfigurations of social and cultural processes and structures as mediated through the internet and digital media technologies.

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Twitter - Information Policy: https://twitter.com/CIS_InfoPolicy
Facebook - Access to Knowledge: https://www.facebook.com/cisa2k
E-Mail - Access to Knowledge: a2k@cis-india.org
E-Mail - Researchers at Work: raw@cis-india.org
List - Researchers at Work: https://lists.ghserv.net/mailman/listinfo/researchers

► Support Us

► Request for Collaboration

For more details visit https://cis-india.org/about/newsletters/Qjanuary-2018-newsletter

Experience and Learning outcome from Wikipedia Education Program

Lakshmi Karlekar — 2018-01-30T19:14:49Z

In this blog post you will find a Christ University student's experience during Wikipedia Education Program.

The function of education is to teach one to think intensively and to think critically. Intelligence plus character- that is the goal of true education.- Martin Luther King Jr.

The collaboration between Christ (Deemed to be University) and Centre for Internet and Society (CIS) has enhanced abilities of students to venture into the new learning techniques provided by this organization through WEP. As a platform for learning it has made me assimilate facts on any given topic and later learn the art and skill of editing and typing to put across my views and perspectives. The Continuous Internal Assignments has enabled me to think critically and analyse the given interdisciplinary topic which spreads from an arena covering political, social, economic, psychological, scientific issues etc. Typing in vernacular languages made me technically equipped and also holistically develop from this active initiative. I had the opportunity to meet a facilitator from San Francisco who explained the core objectives and had discussions on the usage and benefits of Wikipedia. This workshop showcased our contributions and provided tutorials for us to carry back and learn from them. The expected learning outcome of the Wikipedia task has helped me do intensive research and made me think and debate on the pros and cons of the given topic. The Professors at Christ (Deemed to be University) and the CIASA2K members have been a constant support and guidance for learning how to deal with it which has personally helped me to a greater extent. They have been approachable at all times which has made the learning process easier. This is not like any other monotonous work but it makes me curious to do a new assignment every time. This kind of communication has helped me realise the fact that information can be accessed at a click of a button as well as we can state our views to the entire world through this initiative. This also sets in a certain discipline as we have to adhere to the standards of Wikipedia and continue contributing quality articles have been the motive of this organisation where each and every student strives to achieve it. To get an outcome from the motto I built my vocabulary and writing style as I was exposed to new terminologies by our facilitators and support staff. These conducted sessions have played as a motivating factor for us to improvise further in our tasks and continue further as active members to continue contributing to Wikipedia.

This fruitful experience of mine has built my knowledge that is familiarity, awareness, and understanding of facts and building vital skills which I would cherish for life. I would extend my gratitude and heartfelt thanks for giving me an insight and opportunity to get associated with this esteemed venture initiated and progressed by the institution.

For more details visit https://cis-india.org/a2k/blogs/experience-and-learning-outcome-from-wikipedia-education-program