The Centre for Internet and Society
https://cis-india.org
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‘Right to Read’ campaign launched - Fighting against copyright regulations
https://cis-india.org/news/2018right-to-read2019-campaign-launched-fighting-against-copyright-regulations
<b>To highlight the issues faced by persons with print disability – those deprived of Indian books due to unfriendly copyright regulations – a group of organisations launched the Right To Read (R2R) campaign on September 26 - an article by L Subramani, Sep 28th, Bangalore, Deccan Herald.
</b>
<p>The campaign, jointly launched by the Bangalore-based Centre for Internet and Society (CIS), Daisy Forum of India (DFI), bookbole.com and Inclusive Planet, kickstarted at Loyola College in Chennai on Saturday.<br /><img src="https://cis-india.org/home-images/right-to-read-campaign-chennai/Loyola%20College%20-%20Right%20to%20Read%20Campaign%20-Chennai.jpg/image_preview" title="Loyola College - Chennai" height="124" width="320" alt="Loyola College - Chennai" class="image-inline" /><br /><br />“This campaign was part of the World Blind Union’s (WBU) global campaign,” said Nirmita Narasimhan, Programme Manager, CIS. “We are asking all the organisations to lend their support to our initiative.” <br /><br />The campaign comes at a time when the Indian government is preparing to consider changes to the copyright law, which it failed to implement two years ago after disability rights campaigners objected to the proposal to make books and other print materials be made in an “exclusive” format.<br /><br />Nirmita said that this would also be an occasion for activists to urge Government of India to throw its weight behind a WBU treaty tabled at the World Intellectual Property Organisation (WIPO) asking for a global copyright regulation that takes into account the needs of persons with print disabilities.<br /><br />“The treaty is coming up for discussion at Geneva (WIPO's head quarters) in December,” Nirmita said and added: “Right now only three Latin American nations are supporting it. Since India has the largest number of persons with print disability, which includes the visually challenged, persons with autism and children with learning difficulties, our support would likely tilt the balance in favour of the treaty.” Now, the campaign will be gradually taken to other parts of the country, said Rahul Cherian from Inclusive Planet. A signature campaign and distribution of a declaration supporting accommodation of persons with print disability in copyright laws will also be held as part of the campaign.<br /><br /><a class="external-link" href="http://www.deccanherald.com/content/27678/right-read-campaign-launched.html">Link to article in Deccan Herald</a><br /><br /><img src="https://cis-india.org/home-images/right-to-read-campaign-chennai/R2R%20-1.jpg/image_preview" title="R2R - 1" height="265" width="400" alt="R2R - 1" class="image-inline" /> <img src="https://cis-india.org/home-images/right-to-read-campaign-chennai/R2R%20-2.jpg/image_preview" title="R2R - 2" height="265" width="400" alt="R2R - 2" class="image-inline" /></p>
<p> </p>
<p><img src="https://cis-india.org/home-images/right-to-read-campaign-chennai/R2R%20-3.jpg/image_preview" title="R2R - 3" height="265" width="400" alt="R2R - 3" class="image-inline" /> <img src="https://cis-india.org/home-images/right-to-read-campaign-chennai/R2R%20-4.jpg/image_preview" title="R2R - 4" height="265" width="400" alt="R2R - 4" class="image-inline" /></p>
<p> </p>
<p><img src="https://cis-india.org/home-images/right-to-read-campaign-chennai/R2R%20-5.jpg/image_preview" title="R2R - 5" height="265" width="400" alt="R2R - 5" class="image-inline" /> <img src="https://cis-india.org/home-images/right-to-read-campaign-chennai/R2R%20-6.jpg/image_preview" title="R2R - 6" height="265" width="400" alt="R2R - 6" class="image-inline" /></p>
<p><img src="https://cis-india.org/home-images/right-to-read-campaign-chennai/R2R%20-7.jpg/image_preview" title="R2R - 7" height="265" width="400" alt="R2R - 7" class="image-inline" /></p>
<p>
For more details visit <a href='https://cis-india.org/news/2018right-to-read2019-campaign-launched-fighting-against-copyright-regulations'>https://cis-india.org/news/2018right-to-read2019-campaign-launched-fighting-against-copyright-regulations</a>
</p>
No publisherradhaAccessibility2011-04-02T14:54:34ZNews Item‘Right to read’ campaign launched (The Hindu)
https://cis-india.org/news/2018right-to-read2019-campaign-launched-the-hindu
<b>An article in The Hindu, 29th September, on the 'Right to Read' campaign, launched on 26th Sept, in Loyola College, Chennai </b>
<p>CHENNAI: About 100 National Service Scheme (NSS) volunteers from various colleges in the State kick-started a ‘right to read’ campaign at Loyola College recently. The aim of the campaign is to make books accessible to persons with disabilities. <br /><br />The speakers, who included the visually challenged, persons with low vision and dyslexia, said the Copyright Act did not allow persons with print impairments to convert reading matter using assistive technologies to accessible formats. Dipendra Manocha, executive committee member of World Blind Union, said: “We need organisations, individuals and volunteers to contribute and create accessible books.”</p>
<p> <img src="https://cis-india.org/home-images/right-to-read-campaign-chennai/R2R%20-%20DC.jpg/image_preview" title="R2R - Dipendra Manocha" height="167" width="228" alt="R2R - Dipendra Manocha" class="image-inline" /></p>
<p>Nirmitha Narasimhan, programme manager of the Centre for Internet and Society felt access to information would ensure a better contribution by the visually challenged to society. “It is not that we are insensitive. The suggestion for amendments to the Copyright Act has not yet been incorporated,” she said.</p>
<p>Writer Sreekumar Varma, who inaugurated the campaign, recalled his experience as a scribe during his days as a lecturer. C.P. Chandrasekar, treasurer, National Association for the Blind, and Loyola College Principal Albert Muthumalai spoke.</p>
<p> <br /><a class="external-link" href="http://www.hindu.com/2009/09/29/stories/2009092957440200.htm">Link to the article in The Hindu</a></p>
<p> </p>
<p>
For more details visit <a href='https://cis-india.org/news/2018right-to-read2019-campaign-launched-the-hindu'>https://cis-india.org/news/2018right-to-read2019-campaign-launched-the-hindu</a>
</p>
No publisherradhaAccessibility2011-04-02T14:52:56ZNews ItemZero Project Conference on Accessibility: Innovative Policies and Practices for Persons with Disabilities
https://cis-india.org/news/zero-project-conference-vienna-february-27-28-2014
<b>Essl Foundation, the World Future Council and the European Foundation Centre convened an international conference at the United Nations Office in Vienna, Austria on February 27 and 28, 2014. Pranesh Prakash participated in the conference as a speaker. On February 27 he spoke on e-speak and on the following day (February 28) he spoke in a session on Copyright & the Marrakesh Treaty: Opportunities and Challenges.</b>
<p style="text-align: justify; ">The conference was attended by over 450 people. Dr. Nirmita Narasimhan had submitted two proposals, one on innovative practices (eSpeak) and one on innovative policy (India's copyright policy). Click on the links below to find more on these:</p>
<ol>
<li><a class="external-link" href="http://zeroproject.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/02/India_eSpeak-Text-to-Speech-Engine.pdf">Affordable text-to-speech software from India</a></li>
<li><a class="external-link" href="http://zeroproject.org/wp-content/uploads/2013/12/Copyright-Amendment-Act_India.pdf">Copyright exception for accessible formats</a></li>
</ol>
<p style="text-align: justify; ">Once again, the Essl Foundation, the World Future Council and the European Foundation Centre have joined forces to convene an international conference in Vienna, Austria. On this occasion we aim to raise awareness about innovative solutions from around the world that advance accessibility for persons with disabilities. The conference seeks to strengthen the commitment of all stakeholders to promote, protect and advance the rights of persons with disabilities, and to improve their daily lives.</p>
<p style="text-align: justify; ">At the third Zero Project Conference on “Accesibility: Innovative Policies and Innovative Practices for Persons with Disabilities” parliamentarians, representatives of NGOs and foundations, academics, social entrepreneurs, disability rights activists and the business world will come together to discuss Innovative Policies and Innovative Practices and explore ways to promote and spread them to other countries.</p>
<h3 style="text-align: justify; ">Innovative Policies: Paving the Way</h3>
<p style="text-align: justify; ">Building on the success of our conferences in January 2012 and February 2013, at this Zero Project Conference, 15 Innovative Policies will be presented. They contain promising elements, have achieved identifiable improvements on the ground and point to a positive dynamic change that can be easily replicated in many countries around the world to advance the implementation of the Convention. They overcome conditions that act as barriers to the full exercise of rights by persons with disabilities and constitute the outcome of a multilevel research and selection process.</p>
<h3 style="text-align: justify; ">Innovative Practices: Crucial Steps</h3>
<p style="text-align: justify; ">The Zero Project team has done extensive research worldwide on the most outstanding projects. The expert network that contributed their expertise in actively nominating and evaluating projects included more than 500 persons worldwide from 120 countries.</p>
<p style="text-align: justify; ">These projects cover all areas of accessibility, including built environment, transport, products and services and ICT (information, communication and technology).</p>
<h3 style="text-align: justify; ">Be part of the Zero Project Network!</h3>
<p style="text-align: justify; ">The Zero Project Conference gathers in Vienna the world’s leading representatives of the disability rights movement in order to facilitate a direct exchange of experiences. In this way the world’s most innovative and promising solutions are jointly identified, disseminated and further developed in order to make a noticeable improvement in the daily life and legal situation of persons with disabilities.</p>
<p style="text-align: justify; ">Join the discussion and explore possibilities and potentials on how global implementation of these exemplary solutions can be advanced!</p>
<hr />
<ul>
<li> Click here to see the <a class="external-link" href="http://zeroproject.org/wp-content/uploads/2013/10/At-a-glance-barrierfree-FINAL2.doc">programme schedule</a></li>
<li>Click here to see the <a class="external-link" href="http://zeroproject.org/wp-content/uploads/2013/10/Speakerslist-ZPC-20141.pdf">speakers list</a></li>
</ul>
<p>
For more details visit <a href='https://cis-india.org/news/zero-project-conference-vienna-february-27-28-2014'>https://cis-india.org/news/zero-project-conference-vienna-february-27-28-2014</a>
</p>
No publisherpraskrishnaCopyrightAccessibilityAccess to Knowledge2014-03-06T08:44:00ZNews ItemYouth light up lives, one book at a time
https://cis-india.org/news/youth-light-up-lives-one-book-at-a-time
<b>Chennaiites join a campaign to aid the visually challenged in accessing popular works of English literature THERE ARE MILLIONS OF BOOKS THAT THE VISUALLY CHALLENGED CAN'T ACCESS - an article in the Deccan Chronicle - Chennai, dated 10th Oct 2009.</b>
<p>Activists and students in
the city have come together for a noble cause -- to ensure that the visually
disabled can exercise their constitutional right to a dignified life. Since
printed material is not accessible to those with visual disability and also
since the copyright laws do not allow for books to be converted into Braille or
audio format to enable the blind to `read', several organisations have come
together to start the `Right to Read' campaign.<img src="https://cis-india.org/home-images/right-to-read-campaign-chennai/R2R%20-6.jpg/image_preview" alt="R2R - 6" class="image-inline" title="R2R - 6" /></p>
<p>The campaign saw its India
launch in Chennai recently, and their cause, supported by many, is simple -- to
bring about amendments in the copyright laws of the country so that blind
people can have access to reading material.<br />
The organisations involved in the campaign are: the Centre for Internet and
Society, DAISY Forum of India, Bookbole.com, Ability Foundation and the Loyola
College in Chennai.</p>
<p>Students of Loyola
kickstarted the campaign in the city by bringing down experts from various
parts of the country and organising road shows, panel discussions and signature
campaigns. Says S. Naresh, the vice president of the Students' Union of the
college, "We realised that there was a need to create awareness about
issues like disability and the problems faced by the blind.</p>
<p>And since there are many visually impaired students in our college campus
itself, we decided to do something proactive at the earliest." Janaki
Pillai, director, operations, of Ability foundation, an NGO which works with
people with disabilities, explains, "There are millions of books available
in the world but people with visu al disability do not have access to them. The
copy right laws in our country do not let us reproduce books in a format that
is accessible to the visually , challenged, and that makes it illegal for
students to even convert a textbook into a format that can be used by the
disabled. We're campaigning for this to change, and we hope that we will be
able to con vince the govern ment to see our point of view." Nirmita
Narasimhan, a programme manager with the Centre for Internet and Society, says,
"We should be allowed to convert the books into a format which is
convenient for us with out stringent copyright laws coming in our
way."</p>
<p><a class="external-link" href="http://www.dc-epaper.com/DC/DCC/2009/10/10/INDEX.SHTML">Link to the article in Deccan Chronicle - Chennai</a> (Page 24)</p>
<p>
For more details visit <a href='https://cis-india.org/news/youth-light-up-lives-one-book-at-a-time'>https://cis-india.org/news/youth-light-up-lives-one-book-at-a-time</a>
</p>
No publisherradhaAccessibility2011-04-02T14:42:45ZNews ItemYour Signature Could Help 70 Million Read
https://cis-india.org/news/your-signature-could-help-70-million-read
<b>A humble signature campaign in the city intends to take on a law that prevents the print-impaired from reading. You too can join in and support the cause.</b>
<p>Picture this: You are on a lazy weekend getaway with easy access to a hammock, cool lemonade and your favourite book. This might sound like oh-so common bliss to you, but this scenario is off bounds for over 70 million Indians. The "print-impaired", or in other words, those who cannot read due to a disability, don't have access to nearly 99% of material printed today. A campaign is currently on in Mumbai to change the law, and your endorsement could make a difference.</p>
<p>"The issue facing a print-impaired person is that when you have a book in standard print, it poses a problem to read," says Dr Sam Taraporevala, Associate Professor and Head of Department, Sociology at St Xavier's College. </p>
<p>Changing the format of a standard book is considered illegal under the Copyright Act of 1957. The Act does not permit conversion of books into a format that can be accessible for the print-impaired (through Braille, screen readers or a digital talking book format, to name a few). To counter this issue and make books accessible to all, Dr Taraporevala (also Director of the Xavier's Resource Centre for the Visually Challenged), has launched a signature campaign.</p>
<p>"The advantage technology offers is that if an author or publisher wants to make his work accessible, he can do so in real time." The campaign, which is part of a global initiative by the World Blind Union (WBU), Sight Savers International and other organisations, is the first of its kind for the city. It aims at collecting 500 signatures of authors and publishers, who will be directly responsible for bringing about a change. Signing the intent form does not in any way mean that the author is handing over the rights of his book.</p>
<p>"There is a concern among authors about providing an accessible copy of the book, that it might lead to piracy," says Dr Taraporevala. "I don't condone piracy but it's a reality and this will not add to it significantly. Why allow injustice to prevail because of an artificial fear?"</p>
<p>Three hundred signatures down and 200 more to go, the race is on for the January 22 deadline. But Dr Taraporevala remains unperturbed. "We will do it. I don't know how but I want to believe anything is possible."</p>
<p><a class="external-link" href="http://www.mid-day.com/whatson/2010/jan/190110-campaign-St-Xavier-College-Mumbai.htm">See the original article on Mid-Day</a>.</p>
<p> </p>
<p>
For more details visit <a href='https://cis-india.org/news/your-signature-could-help-70-million-read'>https://cis-india.org/news/your-signature-could-help-70-million-read</a>
</p>
No publisherpraskrishnaAccessibility2011-04-02T13:10:48ZNews ItemWSIS Forum 2017
https://cis-india.org/accessibility/news/wsis-forum-2017
<b>WSIS Forum 2017 was held 12-16 June in Geneva, and included the participation of more than 85 high-level government and civil society representatives, as well as 500 remote interventions and thousands following the webcast. The forum was chaired by Mr Jean Philbert Nsengimana, Minister of Youth and ICT, Government of Rwanda, and co-organized by ITU, UNESCO, UNCTAD and UNDP, in close collaboration with all UN agencies. Nirmita Narasimhan participated in the forum.</b>
<p style="text-align: justify; ">The moderator, <b>Ms Andrea Saks</b> (Chair, Telecommunication Standardisation Sector (ITU-T) Joint Coordination Activity on Accessibility and Human Factors (JCA-AHF)), welcomed the audience and introduced the five panellists, two of whom were remote participants.</p>
<p style="text-align: justify; ">The first speaker, participating remotely from India, was <b>Ms Nirmita Narasimhan</b>, Policy Director, Centre of Internet and Society (CIS). Narasimhan heads the CIS accessibility inclusion programme and specialises in policy research and advocacy related to technology access for persons with disabilities. Narasimhan focused on a <a class="ext" href="https://www.itu.int/en/ITU-D/Digital-Inclusion/Persons-with-Disabilities/Documents/Making%20Mobile-English.pdf">report<span class="ext"><span class="element-invisible"> (link is external)</span></span></a> jointly prepared by ITU and CIS, on how to leverage ICTs in an accessible manner to ensure that persons with disabilities and other vulnerable groups are included in planning and responding to disasters and situations involving emergency situations. She raised four stages of <a class="ext" href="http://cis-india.org/accessibility/blog/emergency-services-report.pdf">preparedness<span class="ext"><span class="element-invisible"> (link is external)</span></span></a> for disaster management: (1) early warning planning including creating awareness, education, and training material as well as setting up technological infrastructure; (2) alerts as to when a disaster is happening and where to go for help; (3) recovery, what happens after the disaster; and (4) mitigation which leads back to planning and preparedness. Full report <a class="external-link" href="https://dig.watch/sessions/inclusive-icts-disaster-and-emergency-preparedness-persons-disabilities-and-those-specific">here</a>. More information on the event <a class="external-link" href="https://www.itu.int/net4/wsis/forum/2017/">here</a>.</p>
<p>
For more details visit <a href='https://cis-india.org/accessibility/news/wsis-forum-2017'>https://cis-india.org/accessibility/news/wsis-forum-2017</a>
</p>
No publisherpraskrishnaAccessibility2017-07-18T02:00:44ZNews ItemWorld Wide Web Consortium for All
https://cis-india.org/news/www-for-all
<b>Indian web designers have long ignored needs of people with different disabilities but a new dedicated wiki aspires to change that, writes Malvika Tegta</b>
<p>Mobility can also mean being able to seamlessly steer through and negotiate one’s way in a jungle of online information to get work done. Any good website should enable that.Yet, not many Indian ones do. At least not for those who can’t see or hear or operate the mouse with ease.</p>
<p>For them, e-mobility or e-access remains as ignored an aspect as mobility in the physical space.</p>
<p>And to think that all it takes to fix this is to conform to the accessibility standards laid down by the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) at minimal extra cost. Any good web designer should follow that. And any good government must put a policy in place to ensure that it happens, especially when it is signatory to the United Nations Convention on the Rights of People with Disability, which warrants such action.</p>
<p>Intent, however, isn’t the problem. But limited awareness about how information and services can be best delivered to persons with disabilities is. And for a country with close to 70 million people with disabilities, awareness can mean the difference between booking an e-ticket and buying one from the railways counter, between living independently and relying on others for things they can easily do for themselves.</p>
<p>Addressing this is the recently launched 125-article-rich wiki, being executed by the Centre of Internet and Society (CIS) Bangalore and funded by the National Internet Exchange of India, New Delhi. The wiki intends to be a comprehensive resource for users, caretakers, web developers, NGOs, teachers, and members of legal communities for information on what technology — hardware and software — and related legislations offer persons with disabilities.</p>
<p>Web standards prescribe that a description of a graphic or a visual be added for the benefit of visually impaired persons so that any screen-reader can read it. For someone with hearing disability, sound alerts should be accompanied by visual cues, and audios tagged. For those who cannot operate the mouse and hence rely on desk keyboards or onscreen keyboards, developers should incorporate built-in shortcut keys for efficient access.</p>
<p>“But the W3C standards are not binding; it is something countries adopt. In India, these guidelines have been made advisory for Government websites, not mandatory,” says Nirmita Narasimhan, programme manager, CIS, who is also working on drafting the accessibility policy for the Ministry of Communications and Information Technology.</p>
<p>Mumbai-based disability activist Nilesh Singlit, who has been working on access audits, accessibility and inclusive design, training and research for the past 12 years, says that the standards are simple enough to be used by anyone with basic grasp of HTML. “But some specialised website designers charge high amounts to make websites disabled-friendly. Yes, there are issues of extensive testing of websites to adhere to the standards required. However, there is no relation between the cost and the end product. More awareness needs to be created to break the myth that accessible websites are expensive,” he says.</p>
<p>The Government of India has made accessibility of its websites advisory. But as Singlit says, if they’re anything like the current railways website — which does little for persons with disability — then it remains to be seen how effective the implementation will be.</p>
<p>Furthermore, the government does not proactively share information with outsiders. “How is one to approach the government unless one knows about the incentives on procurement of assistive technologies, training and awareness camps and educational awareness. Unless this research is made available, you don’t have the base to build on,” says a researcher from the field.</p>
<p>Read the article in <a class="external-link" href="http://www.dnaindia.com/lifestyle/report_world-wide-web-consortium-for-all_1383251">DNA</a></p>
<p>
For more details visit <a href='https://cis-india.org/news/www-for-all'>https://cis-india.org/news/www-for-all</a>
</p>
No publisherpraskrishnaAccessibility2011-04-02T12:08:15ZNews ItemWorkshop on Web Accessibility - Thiruvananthapuram
https://cis-india.org/accessibility/publications/Report%20-%20Space.pdf
<b></b>
<p>
For more details visit <a href='https://cis-india.org/accessibility/publications/Report%20-%20Space.pdf'>https://cis-india.org/accessibility/publications/Report%20-%20Space.pdf</a>
</p>
No publisherradhaConferenceAccessibility2011-08-22T13:12:01ZFileWorkshop for Web Developers on Web Accessibility
https://cis-india.org/events/workshop-for-web-developers-on-web-accessibility
<b></b>
<p align="justify"> <a class="external-link" href="http://www.solutionexchange-un.net.in/edu.htm">Solution Exchange</a>, an initiative of the United Nations Agencies
in India, and the Centre for Internet and Society are organizing a workshop on web
accessibility for web developers from organizations in the public and
private sector, with the support of <a class="external-link" href="http://www.nixi.in/">The National Internet
Exchange of India (NIXI)</a>. The workshop will be held in Delhi from February 16<sup>th</sup>-18<sup>th</sup>,
2009. CIS' media partner for the event is <a class="external-link" href="http://www.disabilityindia.com/html/news.html">Disability News India</a>.</p>
<p align="justify"> </p>
<p align="justify">This workshop, which will feature seven trainers and about thirty
participants, is the first one of its kind, bringing together
practitioners from NIC and other government departments, as well as
from small and medium enterprises across the country. The
primary aim of this workshop is to demonstrate the importance of
creating accessible web sites and to educate the developers of
government and private web sites on how to incorporate accessibility
features into new as well as existing web sites. <br /></p>
<p align="justify"><br /></p>
<p>The
training will comprise both theory-oriented and practical sessions.
The trainers will be specialists in various aspects of web
accessibility. The main focus will be on WCAG 2.0 guidelines. The
participants will be persons already involved in developing web sites
with good knowledge of HTML, XML, CSS, etc. The workshop will in a
sense not only help in training web developers in accessibility, but
will also attempt to increase capacity building by training potential
accessibility trainers. There will also be a session where
key persons involved in the working groups on accessibility, e-governance architecture and open standards will share the
National Informatics Centre perspective. </p>
<p><br /></p>
<p>Many of the sessions will be documented as
lessons on accessibility and put up on the CIS web site. As part of
the outcome of the workshop, five inaccessible government web
sites will be identified and taken up for retrofitting with
accessibility features within the next few months. </p>
<p><br /></p>
<p>In its
move to support web accessibility, NIXI has already undertaken the
translation of the WCAG 2.0 standards into Hindi--the first translation of the WCAG into any Indian language. This is
intended to aid web developers in the need for creating accessible
web sites. </p>
<p>Please click on the links for more information about the <a href="https://cis-india.org/advocacy/open-standards/accessibility/uploads/Sessions%20for%20the%20workshopv2.doc/at_download/file" class="external-link">proposed sessions</a> to be held at the workshop and the <a href="https://cis-india.org/advocacy/open-standards/accessibility/uploads/TRAINERS.doc/at_download/file" class="external-link">participating trainers</a>. <br /></p>
<p>The
workshop will be held in the Human Resource Development Centre
Building of the CSIR in Ghaziabad (HRDC building, CSIR, Sector 19, Central Government Enclave, Kamla Nehru Nagar, Ghaziabad-201002, UP). <br /></p>
<h3>Map</h3>
<p>Please refer to the <a class="external-link" href="http://www.csirhrdc.res.in/sitemap.htm">map</a> as necessary. <br /></p>
<h3>Participants</h3>
<p>Click <a href="https://cis-india.org/advocacy/open-standards/accessibility/uploads/Participants%20List%20for%20the%20web%20site.xls" class="internal-link" title="Workshop participants list">here</a> for a complete list of participants and their organisational affiliations. <br /></p>
<p>
For more details visit <a href='https://cis-india.org/events/workshop-for-web-developers-on-web-accessibility'>https://cis-india.org/events/workshop-for-web-developers-on-web-accessibility</a>
</p>
No publishersachiaEvent TypeAccessibility2011-08-31T10:51:35ZEventWorkshop for Web Developers on Web Accessibility
https://cis-india.org/accessibility/publications/workshop
<b></b>
<p>
For more details visit <a href='https://cis-india.org/accessibility/publications/workshop'>https://cis-india.org/accessibility/publications/workshop</a>
</p>
No publisherroysonConferenceWorkshopAccessibility2011-08-23T22:52:40ZFolderWorkplace Solutions Champions Consultative Workshop
https://cis-india.org/accessibility/news/workplace-solutions-champions-consultative-workshop
<b>A two day workshop was held on January 21 - 22 at Ecumenical Christian Centre in Bangalore. The workshop was organized by Enable India. Nirmita Narasimhan attended the workshop. </b>
<h2>Agenda</h2>
<h3>Day 1: January 21, 2017</h3>
<table class="plain">
<tbody>
<tr>
<th>Sl. No.</th><th>Agenda Item </th><th>Description</th><th>Timings</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>1</td>
<td>Context Setting for the Workshop</td>
<td>What outcomes we hope to achieve during the workshop<br /></td>
<td>9.30 - 10.00</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>2</td>
<td>Reflections and Sharing</td>
<td>Sharing on achievements and impact, through discussions and activities</td>
<td>10.00 - 10.45</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>Tea Break</td>
<td></td>
<td>10.45 - 11.15</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>3</td>
<td>Reflections and Sharing (Continued)</td>
<td>Sharing on achievements and impact, through discussions and activities</td>
<td>11.15 – 12.45</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>Lunch Break<br /></td>
<td></td>
<td>12.45 - 13.45</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>4</td>
<td>Situational Context for WPS Champions Network</td>
<td>Understanding the background of workplace solutions and their critical role in shaping livelihoods for persons with vision impairment</td>
<td>13.45 - 14.30</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>5</td>
<td>Curriculum Development</td>
<td>Creation of curriculum for development of quality WPS Implementation professionals</td>
<td>14.30 - 16.30</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>Tea Break</td>
<td></td>
<td>16.30 - 17.00</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>6</td>
<td>Curriculum Development</td>
<td>Creation of curriculum for development of quality WPS Implementation professionals</td>
<td>17.00 - 19.00</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h3>Day 2: January 22, 2017</h3>
<table class="plain">
<tbody>
<tr>
<th>Sl. No.</th><th>Agenda Item</th><th>Description</th><th>Timings</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>1</td>
<td>WPS Champions Network Long Term Vision and My Personal Vision</td>
<td style="text-align: justify; ">Understanding the future of WPS implementation, and personal vision alignment</td>
<td>9.00 - 10.00</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>Tea Break</td>
<td></td>
<td>10.00 - 10.30</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>2</td>
<td>National track: Top Actions for the Year, and Who Will Do What</td>
<td>Understanding the roadmap for WPS across India</td>
<td>10.30 – 11.00</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>3</td>
<td>Regional Tracks for North, South and West regions: Top Actions for the Year, and Who Will do What</td>
<td style="text-align: justify; ">Preparing a region-specific roadmap for WPS in the north, south and west regions</td>
<td>11.00 - 12.00</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>4</td>
<td>Open Session on Employment</td>
<td style="text-align: justify; ">Group discussion on WPS in the context of employment and livelihoods</td>
<td>12.00 - 13.00</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>Lunch Break</td>
<td></td>
<td>13.00 - 14.00</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>5</td>
<td>Logistics and communication channels for next steps</td>
<td style="text-align: justify; ">Service management tool demo, Whatsapp group and other information</td>
<td>14.00 - 15.00</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>
For more details visit <a href='https://cis-india.org/accessibility/news/workplace-solutions-champions-consultative-workshop'>https://cis-india.org/accessibility/news/workplace-solutions-champions-consultative-workshop</a>
</p>
No publisherpraskrishnaAccessibility2017-02-03T01:23:38ZNews ItemWIPO Treaty for the Visually Impaired — Moving from a Treaty on Paper to a Treaty that is Workable on the Ground
https://cis-india.org/accessibility/wipo-treaty-for-the-visually-impaired
<b>After many years of hard lobbying by the World Blind Union, it appears that the WIPO Treaty on limitations and exceptions for visually impaired persons/persons with print disabilities (TVI) could become a reality next year. However, due to pressure from the European Union and the United States, and their insistence on several untenable provisions, there is a real risk that the TVI could become unworkable on the ground.</b>
<p style="text-align: justify; ">The following is a list of concerns that must suitably be addressed if the TVI is to make a realistic dent in the “book famine” in which only a few per cent of books are available in accessible formats that persons with print disabilities can read.</p>
<ol>
<li style="text-align: justify; "><b>Definition of authorised entity to be widened.</b><br />The current definition of authorized entity prescribes that only authorized entities that address the needs of beneficiary persons as one of their primary (in brackets) activities or institutional obligations can undertake conversion and distribution of books in accessible formats. This requirement is unacceptable since it will exclude many legitimate organisations and institutions that undertake these activities but who do not address the needs of beneficiary persons as a "primary" activity or institutional obligation. Some examples of such organisations/institutions are mainstream education institutions and mainstream libraries. Delhi University which has a large number of blind students will be excluded and this is unacceptable.</li>
<li style="text-align: justify; "><b>Authorised entities must be required to follow simple rules and procedures when converting and distributing works in accessible formats.</b><br />As is proposed now, authorized entities could be required to follow complex rules and procedures with respect to the permitted activities. In this connection it is critical to note that:<br />
<ul>
<li>Smaller organisations will not be in a position to keep organised records. Therefore smaller organisations that serve rural or small populations must not be subject to a requirement to keep records where they do not distribute accessible formats in electronic form.</li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li>There must be no requirements for organisations to apply Technology Protection Measures to accessible formats in electronic form.</li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li>While organisations can inform beneficiary persons to whom they supply accessible formats that there must be no subsequent distribution to non-beneficiary persons, an organisation should have no obligation to oversee the use by the beneficiary persons they supply accessible formats to, or any responsibility for misuse by beneficiary persons they supply accessible formats to.</li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li>There must be no requirement to share the records that organisations are required to keep with any person or entity other than in the eventuality of copyright infringement proceedings.</li>
</ul>
The rules and procedures must therefore be simplified to reflect the above.</li>
<li style="text-align: justify; "><b>The exception must automatically kick in if the relevant accessible formats are not available in the market on the same day as the mainstream format.</b><br />At present there is no clarity on when the exception kicks in and the existing wording can be interpreted such that the exception may apply only after significant time has passed after the books are available in the market in the mainstream format. If a work is made available in the market in a mainstream format it is essential that beneficiary persons can enjoy the work in the relevant accessible format at the same time. Failure to do so is discriminatory towards beneficiary persons. In this connection, the TVI must expressly clarify that if the accessible format copy is not available on the same day as the mainstream format, the exception automatically applies and authorised entities and beneficiary persons can create accessible format copies on the same day that the mainstream format is commercial available. <br />This will also be an incentive for rights holders to take steps to ensure that accessible format copies are made commercially available on the same day as mainstream formats.</li>
<li style="text-align: justify; ">“<b>Making available” to be possible through wire and wireless means.</b><br />One of the proposed changes to the TVI is the clarification that “making available” accessible format copies to the public should be as per Article 8 of the WIPO Copyright Treaty thereby expressly providing for communication to the public, by wire or wireless means, including the making available to the public in such a way that members of the public may access works from a place and at a time individually chosen by them. Given that technology is making it increasingly possible for beneficiary persons to access accessible format copies over wire and wireless means, this is clarification is very critical.</li>
<li style="text-align: justify; "><b>The Authorised Entity in the exporting country must not have any obligation to verify any form of legal eligibility in the importing country</b>.<br />As per the current wording of the TVI an authorized entity in one Member State: <br />
<ul>
<li>Must, when exporting to beneficiary person in another Member State, verify whether that other Member State would permit that beneficiary person to make or import that accessible copy; and </li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li>Can only export to an entity or organization in another Member State that the originating authorizing entity has identified as another authorized entity. </li>
</ul>
It is obvious that authorised entities in one country cannot verify the above with any degree of certainty and therefore it is impossible for authorised entities to comply with this requirement. Moreover, as in the case of all copyright exceptions and limitations, rights holders have the right to take copyright infringement action against any person or entity that operates outside, or exceeds, the exception. This requirement relating to the verification legal legibility must therefore be deleted.</li>
<li style="text-align: justify; "><b>Member states having the flexibility to decide whether to link exceptions to commercial availability</b>.<br />At present, the draft TVI provides Member States the flexibility to decide whether to confine permitted activities to instances where there is no commercial availability of accessible format copies. This flexibility is critical for Member States since the economic and distribution ground realities in each Member State vary widely and only a Member State can decide this issue conclusively for its own circumstances. Any attempt to change this position in the TVI must be opposed.<br />In short, barring the above issues, the Treaty appears to heading in the right direction. The upcoming intersessionals in Geneva (17-19th October 2012) to discuss the text of the Treaty will be crucial to decide the fate of the Treaty. Watch this space.</li>
</ol>
<hr />
<p style="text-align: justify; "><i>Rahul is the founder of Inclusive Planet Centre for Disability Law and Policy and he advices the World Blind Union on legal issues relating to the WIPO Treaty for the Visually Impaired.<br /></i></p>
<p>
For more details visit <a href='https://cis-india.org/accessibility/wipo-treaty-for-the-visually-impaired'>https://cis-india.org/accessibility/wipo-treaty-for-the-visually-impaired</a>
</p>
No publisherRahul CherianAccessibilityAccess to KnowledgeWIPO2012-09-28T04:41:08ZBlog EntryWIPO to Convene a Diplomatic Conference in Morocco to Finalise TVI
https://cis-india.org/accessibility/blog/wipo-to-convene-conference-to-finalise-tvi-next-year
<b>In a landmark development, on December 18, 2012, the Extraordinary General Assembly of the World Intellectual Property Organisation agreed to convene a diplomatic conference, likely to be in Morocco, in June of next year to finalise the Treaty for Visually Impaired Persons/Persons with Print Disabilities.</b>
<p style="text-align: justify; ">This comes about five years after a team of about ten of us sat down in the offices of <a href="http://keionline.org/">Knowledge Ecology International</a> in Washington D.C. to draft the first cut of the Treaty.</p>
<p style="text-align: justify; ">Even as late as December 17, it was uncertain as to whether the outcome would be positive, particularly as the United States was fixated on the word "instrument" and not "treaty". At one point during the EGA it was rumored that the US and the EU were insisting on a "kill switch" in the decision document of the Extraordinary General Assembly. Essentially the US and the EU were apparently pushing for wording in the decision text stating that if the text of the Treaty was not fully agreed by the end of the upcoming WIPO Standing Committee on Copyright and Related Rights in February, then the diplomatic conference was off. Luckily none of this type of wording was reflected in the decision of the EGA. The EU was insisting on a non-binding instrument as opposed to a treaty till November this year when they finally capitulated due to the extensive pressure applied internally by blind groups such as the European Blind Union and the Royal National Institute of Blind People in the United Kingdom.</p>
<p style="text-align: justify; ">However, it is not smooth sailing from here on since there are still some very critical issues to be resolved in the text of the Treaty. Possibly the most critical issue from the perspective of blind groups is the outstanding issue of commercial availability. The European Union and the United States insist that the Treaty should apply only when works in accessible formats such as Braille or <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DAISY_Digital_Talking_Book">Daisy</a> are not commercially available. The contentious provision in the Treaty in relation to export of accessible format copies is the following: "The Member State/Contracting Party may limit said distribution or making available of published works which, in the applicable accessible format, cannot be otherwise obtained within a reasonable time and at a reasonable price, in the country of importation." There is also a similar clause with respect to national exceptions as well.</p>
<p style="text-align: justify; ">The problem that we have with this clause is that it places the burden on exporting organizations to determine, prior to export, whether a work is available in an accessible format in the importing country within a "reasonable time" and "reasonable price". In reality, this will be impossible for organizations to verify this position with any degree of certainty without spending substantial amounts of money or dedicating significant resources for this. As a result the organizations will not export accessible format copies because they are nervous about copyright violation thereby meaning that the treaty will not be used in reality. Obviously from our perspective there is no point in having a treaty which cannot be used to benefit the millions of persons with visual impairment.</p>
<p style="text-align: justify; ">Another outstanding issue that is crucial to us is that a beneficiary (such as a visually impaired person) in one country should be able to import accessible format copies directly from organizations abroad. The European Union does not want to permit this and insists that export and import should only be between organizations. The position of the European Union will be counterproductive because it will add too much burden on organizations in developing countries to serve their disabled populations.</p>
<p style="text-align: justify; ">We get the opportunity to fix these issues during the next session of the Standing Committee meeting in February 2013. If required there could another session called to sort out text related issues before the diplomatic conference in June.</p>
<p style="text-align: justify; ">Ultimately, the success or failure of the Treaty will boil down to whether the US and the EU actually end up ratifying the Treaty. After all, they have the largest collections of material in accessible formats which we need to import into India. The <a href="http://www.hathitrust.org/">Hathi Trust</a> in the United States has approximately 10 million books in accessible formats which will be invaluable for the visually impaired community in India. Given the recent rejection of the United States of the <a href="http://www.huffingtonpost.com/human-rights-watch/us-senate-misses-opportun_b_2244885.html">United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities</a> it remains to be seen what the future holds.</p>
<hr />
<p style="text-align: justify; ">Rahul Cherian is the legal advisor to the World Blind Union on the Treaty and is the founder of the <a href="http://www.inclusiveplanet.org.in/">Inclusive Planet Centre for Disability Law and Policy</a></p>
<p>
For more details visit <a href='https://cis-india.org/accessibility/blog/wipo-to-convene-conference-to-finalise-tvi-next-year'>https://cis-india.org/accessibility/blog/wipo-to-convene-conference-to-finalise-tvi-next-year</a>
</p>
No publisherRahul CherianAccessibilityWIPO2012-12-24T06:18:58ZBlog EntryWIPO Proposals Would Open Cross-Border Access To Materials For Print Disabled
https://cis-india.org/news/WIPO-Proposals-for-Disabled
<b>The print disabled feel that the possible UN recommendations being negotiated upon may come up short, reports Kaitlin Mara in this article.</b>
<p>Negotiators trying to find a solution for the world’s print disabled, who have said copyright law is limiting their access to an already meagre supply of reading material in usable formats, began discussing a possible UN recommendation this week. But the print disabled and their strongest supporters have said such a recommendation – which would not be legally binding – would fall short of meeting their needs.</p>
<p>The critical issue is the ability to trade accessibly formatted books across country borders, which is currently restricted by copyright law. The World Blind Union drafted a <a class="external-link" href="http://www.wipo.int/meetings/en/doc_details.jsp?doc_id=133353">treaty text</a>, which was submitted a year ago to the World Intellectual Property Organization by Brazil, Ecuador and Paraguay.</p>
<p>The United States this week submitted <a class="external-link" href="http://www.ip-watch.org/weblog/wp-content/uploads/2010/05/US-proposal-consensus-instrument.pdf">draft proposal for a consensus instrument</a> [pdf] to WIPO, where these discussions are being held. This instrument has a list of recommendations for governments on national laws to aid the import and export of accessible books.</p>
<p>The US delegation told Intellectual Property Watch that their consensus instrument was intended to be a “faster” solution, and is not mutually exclusive with – and indeed could be a step towards – the treaty that has been called for.</p>
<p>At the last meeting of the WIPO Standing Committee on Copyright and Related Rights in December 2009, some delegations – notably the European Union – refused to discuss a possible treaty, saying more facts were needed (<a class="external-link" href="http://www.ip-watch.org/weblog/2009/12/22/big-step-forward-on-treaty-for-the-visually-impaired-at-wipo/">IPW, WIPO, 22 December 2009</a>).</p>
<p>At the December meeting, it was decided to hold an open consultation on the issues – the 27 May meeting – before the next SCCR meeting, scheduled for 21-24 June. Also, on 28 May, WIPO is discussing aspects of a proposed treaty to protect audiovisual performances.</p>
<p>But the governments behind the treaty proposal and civil society representatives of the print-disabled community expressed their doubts about the US’s intermediary solution.</p>
<p>“Our initial reaction… is that [the US proposal] falls short of our objectives, at least in a vital element – the format – for it is not a legally binding instrument,” Brazil, on behalf of these countries, said in a statement, available here <a class="external-link" href="http://www.ip-watch.org/weblog/wp-content/uploads/2010/05/Statement-Brazil-VIP.doc">Statement Brazil VIP</a> [doc]. They added they needed more time to fully analyse it.</p>
<p>The US proposal fails in several ways, Brazil said. Among them: it does not create a legal obligation for countries to make exceptions, meaning if either an exporting or importing country lacks an exception, the transfer cannot be made; it discriminates against different kinds of media and does not seem to cover works shared online, it does not address the potential need to circumvent technological protection measures or contractual restrictions on needed exceptions, and doesn’t express the specific needs of developing countries.</p>
<p>“This is far from what we need,” Chris Friend, chair of the World Blind Union Global Right to Read Campaign told Intellectual Property Watch, saying it would just lead to “more procrastination” rather than more speed.</p>
<p>Brazil, Ecuador, Mexico and Paraguay also submitted this week a proposed timetable, <a class="external-link" href="http://www.ip-watch.org/weblog/wp-content/uploads/2010/05/treaty-timetable-ecuador-brazil-mex-paraguay.pdf">available here</a>[pdf], for the adoption of a treaty for the visually-impaired that would see its completion in the spring of 2012. </p>
<p>If speed is desired, members might support this timetable proposal, said Dan Pescod, vice chair of the Right to Read Campaign.</p>
<p>Voluntary processes are unacceptable, said Jace Nair, the National Executive Director of the South African National Council for the Blind. “We have been depending on a voluntary process from rights holders for decades… it hasn’t helped.”</p>
<p>Pescod added that the World Blind Union respects the needs of rights holders and the copyright system, but added a “similar level of seriousness” is needed “to address this issue.” If rights holder’s needs are immediately moved to a treaty, why when it comes to disabled people’s needs are we not able to talk about the same thing, he asked. There is not an ACTA-style [Anti-Counterfeiting Trade Agreement] recommendation; it is a treaty, he said.</p>
<p>But some were pleased the US proposal. “We welcome the [United States] recommendation,” said Jens Bammel of the International Publishers Association in a later interview with Intellectual Property Watch, adding that there had not yet been a chance to digest it in detail.</p>
<p>The element of the US proposal that has the “greatest potential” to resolve the issue, Bammel said, is that it “recognises the value of trusted intermediaries.” These intermediaries can bring together rights holders and the visually impaired to find practical solutions on all issues of access to literary content, “not just the tiny sliver that is copyright.” Other issues include technical and practical matters, for example figuring out what accessible works already exist or creating a network to transfer files from one place to another.</p>
<p>Background to the Issue</p>
<p>The organisations that translate books into accessible formats are often under-funded nonprofits serving in general the needs of the blind.according to? As a result, the budget that can be allocated to translating books is small, and of particular concern in developing countries or in cases where there is a group of print-disabled people that speak a language uncommon in their country.</p>
<p>This is a particular problem for developing countries, where about 80 percent of the print disabled live, Nirmita Narasimhan, programme manager of the Centre for Internet and Society in India, said at a press conference Wednesday.</p>
<p>Any formatting that takes place in India is done by nonprofits with no support of the government, she said. And these nonprofits “spend a lot of time recreating work done globally and nationally” and often have to push conversion activities to a lower priority because they also need to work on food or shelter for the visually impaired. There are approximately 100,000 books printed in India every year, she added, but barely 600-700 of these are in accessible formats.</p>
<p>High level texts are particularly hard to find, said Narasimhan, who is a lawyer. Studying in law school often meant having a family member read to her when books were unavailable in the right formats.</p>
<p>An example that illustrates the problem, said Chris Friend of the World Blind Union, is a book in the popular children’s series Harry Potter. It had to be re-engineered in five different English Braille editions and eight different English audio versions around the world, because sharing across borders was not permitted. These cost about US$ 5,000 a piece. The situation becomes even more difficult with communities in a linguistic minority in a country – for example Hindi communities residing in Canada.</p>
<p>This is also a matter of human rights, argued several of the civil society groups representing the print disabled, citing the UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Article 30, which requires states “to ensure that laws protecting intellectual property rights do not constitute an unreasonable or discriminatory barrier to access by persons with disabilities to cultural materials.”</p>
<p>Follow the original article on <a class="external-link" href="http://www.ip-watch.org/weblog/2010/05/28/wipo-proposals-would-open-cross-border-access-for-print-disabled/">IP Watch</a></p>
<p>
For more details visit <a href='https://cis-india.org/news/WIPO-Proposals-for-Disabled'>https://cis-india.org/news/WIPO-Proposals-for-Disabled</a>
</p>
No publisherpraskrishnaAccessibility2011-04-02T11:56:47ZNews ItemWIPO General Assemblies Approve Road Map on Treaty for the Visually Impaired
https://cis-india.org/accessibility/blog/wipo-approves-road-map-on-tv
<b>In a significant development the 50th session of Assemblies of WIPO member states reached a breakthrough decision on how to complete negotiations on a pact to improve access to copyrighted works for the many visually impaired or print disabled people around the world. </b>
<p style="text-align: justify; ">The meeting of the General Assembly which concluded on October 9, 2012 approved a <a href="http://wipo.int/meetings/en/doc_details.jsp?doc_id=213442" title="http://www.wipo.int/meetings/en/doc_details.jsp?doc_id=213442">road map</a> that could lead in 2013 to a historic diplomatic conference for an international treaty focused on improving access to published works for persons who are visually impaired or print disabled. The Standing Committee on Copyright and Related Rights (SCCR) will hold <a href="http://wipo.int/meetings/en/details.jsp?meeting_id=27382">inter-sessional meetings from October 17-19, 2012</a> to work on the text of the instrument. The <a href="http://wipo.int/meetings/en/details.jsp?meeting_id=25024">SCCR will meet from November 19-23, 2012</a> and will continue discussions on the text with the objective of concluding or substantially advancing the text-based work on this topic. Member states agreed to convene an extraordinary meeting of the General Assembly in December 2012 to assess progress on the text and decide whether to convene a diplomatic conference in 2013. Some 300 million blind or visually impaired people around the world stand to benefit from a more flexible copyright regime adapted to current technological realities. Individuals with reading impairment often need to convert information into Braille, large print, audio, electronic and other formats using assistive technologies. Only a very small percentage of published books around the world are available in formats accessible to the visually impaired.</p>
<p style="text-align: justify; ">At the closing of the Assemblies, WIPO Director General Francis Gurry welcomed the "extremely constructive engagement of member states" in the work of the Organization as demonstrated in the decisions taken by the Assemblies. He underlined the progress made by member states in setting timetables for concluding negotiations on international instruments on access to copyrighted work by the visually impaired, design law and intellectual property and genetic resources, traditional knowledge and folklore. The Chair of the WIPO General Assembly, Serbia's Permanent Representative to the United Nations in Geneva, Ambassador Uglješa Zvekić, also welcomed the positive outcome of the Assemblies which took stock of the work of the Organization and set timetables to conclude normative work in several areas. Representatives of regional groups, and individual member states, also welcomed the outcome of the Assemblies and the positive spirit among member states. Regional groups specifically underlined decisions to move forward in discussions on a treaty to facilitate access to copyrighted works by the visually impaired or print disabled.</p>
<p>For more details see <a href="http://wipo.int/pressroom/en/articles/2012/article_0022.html">http://wipo.int/pressroom/en/articles/2012/article_0022.html</a></p>
<p>
For more details visit <a href='https://cis-india.org/accessibility/blog/wipo-approves-road-map-on-tv'>https://cis-india.org/accessibility/blog/wipo-approves-road-map-on-tv</a>
</p>
No publisherRahul CherianAccessibilityWIPO2012-10-11T10:34:37ZBlog Entry